Lysis of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts by rIL-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from HIV-infected viremic individuals.
Understanding the cellular mechanisms that ensure an appropriate innate immune response against viral pathogens is an important challenge of biomedical research. In vitro studies have shown that natural killer (NK) cells purified from healthy donors can kill heterologous cell lines or autologous CD4...
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2008
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oai:doaj.org-article:1f55587d873f4ba0a4c9e4e30c2169732021-11-25T05:46:31ZLysis of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts by rIL-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from HIV-infected viremic individuals.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1000101https://doaj.org/article/1f55587d873f4ba0a4c9e4e30c2169732008-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/18617991/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Understanding the cellular mechanisms that ensure an appropriate innate immune response against viral pathogens is an important challenge of biomedical research. In vitro studies have shown that natural killer (NK) cells purified from healthy donors can kill heterologous cell lines or autologous CD4+ T cell blasts exogenously infected with several strains of HIV-1. However, it is not known whether the deleterious effects of high HIV-1 viremia interferes with the NK cell-mediated cytolysis of autologous, endogenously HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cells. Here, we stimulate primary CD4+ T cells, purified ex vivo from HIV-1-infected viremic patients, with PHA and rIL2 (with or without rIL-7). This experimental procedure allows for the significant expansion and isolation of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts detected by intracellular staining of p24 HIV-1 core antigen. We show that, subsequent to the selective down-modulation of MHC class-I (MHC-I) molecules, HIV-1-infected p24(pos) blasts become partially susceptible to lysis by rIL-2-activated NK cells, while uninfected p24(neg) blasts are spared from killing. This NK cell-mediated killing occurs mainly through the NKG2D activation pathway. However, the degree of NK cell cytolytic activity against autologous, endogenously HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cell blasts that down-modulate HLA-A and -B alleles and against heterologous MHC-I(neg) cell lines is particularly low. This phenomenon is associated with the defective surface expression and engagement of natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) and with the high frequency of the anergic CD56(neg)/CD16(pos) subsets of highly dysfunctional NK cells from HIV-1-infected viremic patients. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the chronic viral replication of HIV-1 in infected individuals results in several phenotypic and functional aberrancies that interfere with the NK cell-mediated killing of autologous p24(pos) blasts derived from primary T cells.Manuela FogliDomenico MavilioEnrico BrunettaStefania VarchettaKhaled AtaGregg RobyColin KovacsDean FollmannDaniela PendeJeffrey WardEdward BarkerEmanuela MarcenaroAlessandro MorettaAnthony S FauciPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 4, Iss 7, p e1000101 (2008) |
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DOAJ |
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
| spellingShingle |
Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Manuela Fogli Domenico Mavilio Enrico Brunetta Stefania Varchetta Khaled Ata Gregg Roby Colin Kovacs Dean Follmann Daniela Pende Jeffrey Ward Edward Barker Emanuela Marcenaro Alessandro Moretta Anthony S Fauci Lysis of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts by rIL-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from HIV-infected viremic individuals. |
| description |
Understanding the cellular mechanisms that ensure an appropriate innate immune response against viral pathogens is an important challenge of biomedical research. In vitro studies have shown that natural killer (NK) cells purified from healthy donors can kill heterologous cell lines or autologous CD4+ T cell blasts exogenously infected with several strains of HIV-1. However, it is not known whether the deleterious effects of high HIV-1 viremia interferes with the NK cell-mediated cytolysis of autologous, endogenously HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cells. Here, we stimulate primary CD4+ T cells, purified ex vivo from HIV-1-infected viremic patients, with PHA and rIL2 (with or without rIL-7). This experimental procedure allows for the significant expansion and isolation of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts detected by intracellular staining of p24 HIV-1 core antigen. We show that, subsequent to the selective down-modulation of MHC class-I (MHC-I) molecules, HIV-1-infected p24(pos) blasts become partially susceptible to lysis by rIL-2-activated NK cells, while uninfected p24(neg) blasts are spared from killing. This NK cell-mediated killing occurs mainly through the NKG2D activation pathway. However, the degree of NK cell cytolytic activity against autologous, endogenously HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cell blasts that down-modulate HLA-A and -B alleles and against heterologous MHC-I(neg) cell lines is particularly low. This phenomenon is associated with the defective surface expression and engagement of natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) and with the high frequency of the anergic CD56(neg)/CD16(pos) subsets of highly dysfunctional NK cells from HIV-1-infected viremic patients. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the chronic viral replication of HIV-1 in infected individuals results in several phenotypic and functional aberrancies that interfere with the NK cell-mediated killing of autologous p24(pos) blasts derived from primary T cells. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Manuela Fogli Domenico Mavilio Enrico Brunetta Stefania Varchetta Khaled Ata Gregg Roby Colin Kovacs Dean Follmann Daniela Pende Jeffrey Ward Edward Barker Emanuela Marcenaro Alessandro Moretta Anthony S Fauci |
| author_facet |
Manuela Fogli Domenico Mavilio Enrico Brunetta Stefania Varchetta Khaled Ata Gregg Roby Colin Kovacs Dean Follmann Daniela Pende Jeffrey Ward Edward Barker Emanuela Marcenaro Alessandro Moretta Anthony S Fauci |
| author_sort |
Manuela Fogli |
| title |
Lysis of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts by rIL-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from HIV-infected viremic individuals. |
| title_short |
Lysis of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts by rIL-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from HIV-infected viremic individuals. |
| title_full |
Lysis of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts by rIL-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from HIV-infected viremic individuals. |
| title_fullStr |
Lysis of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts by rIL-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from HIV-infected viremic individuals. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Lysis of endogenously infected CD4+ T cell blasts by rIL-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from HIV-infected viremic individuals. |
| title_sort |
lysis of endogenously infected cd4+ t cell blasts by ril-2 activated autologous natural killer cells from hiv-infected viremic individuals. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2008 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/1f55587d873f4ba0a4c9e4e30c216973 |
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