Assessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)

Responses to stress are unavoidable, adaptive mechanisms in humans and non-human animals. However, in humans, chronic stress has been linked to poor health outcomes and early mortality. Allostatic load, the physiologic dysregulation that occurs when an organism is exposed to chronic stressors, has b...

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Autores principales:	Kathryn E. Seeley, Kathryn L. Proudfoot, Barbara Wolfe, Douglas E. Crews
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	allostatic load index chronic stress stressors non-human primates <i>Lemur catta</i> Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1f651143df2b4bea864206802ef75b61
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:1f651143df2b4bea864206802ef75b61
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1f651143df2b4bea864206802ef75b612021-11-25T16:14:35ZAssessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)10.3390/ani111130742076-2615https://doaj.org/article/1f651143df2b4bea864206802ef75b612021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3074https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615Responses to stress are unavoidable, adaptive mechanisms in humans and non-human animals. However, in humans, chronic stress has been linked to poor health outcomes and early mortality. Allostatic load, the physiologic dysregulation that occurs when an organism is exposed to chronic stressors, has been used to assess stress in humans; less work has been done using non-human primates. Our aim was to determine the relationship between allostatic load in ring-tailed lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>) under human care and potentially stressful individual, social, medical and husbandry factors, as well a sex and age. An allostatic load index (ALI) was calculated for 38 lemurs using six biomarkers measured in serum (albumin, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, DNA damage, glucose and prostaglandin E2). Potentially stressful factors were recorded over the lifetime of each lemur using medical and husbandry records. Animals with a higher percentage of time spent indoors, those kept in smaller average group sizes, and those with fewer minor group composition changes had, or tended to have, higher ALI. There was no relationship between ALI and sex or age. Some social and husbandry factors were associated with allostatic load in lemurs, indicating that this index may be a useful tool in assessing and determining factors contributing to stress of lemurs and other animals under human care.Kathryn E. SeeleyKathryn L. ProudfootBarbara WolfeDouglas E. CrewsMDPI AGarticleallostatic load indexchronic stressstressorsnon-human primates<i>Lemur catta</i>Veterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3074, p 3074 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	allostatic load index chronic stress stressors non-human primates <i>Lemur catta</i> Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	allostatic load index chronic stress stressors non-human primates <i>Lemur catta</i> Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Kathryn E. Seeley Kathryn L. Proudfoot Barbara Wolfe Douglas E. Crews Assessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)
description	Responses to stress are unavoidable, adaptive mechanisms in humans and non-human animals. However, in humans, chronic stress has been linked to poor health outcomes and early mortality. Allostatic load, the physiologic dysregulation that occurs when an organism is exposed to chronic stressors, has been used to assess stress in humans; less work has been done using non-human primates. Our aim was to determine the relationship between allostatic load in ring-tailed lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>) under human care and potentially stressful individual, social, medical and husbandry factors, as well a sex and age. An allostatic load index (ALI) was calculated for 38 lemurs using six biomarkers measured in serum (albumin, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, DNA damage, glucose and prostaglandin E2). Potentially stressful factors were recorded over the lifetime of each lemur using medical and husbandry records. Animals with a higher percentage of time spent indoors, those kept in smaller average group sizes, and those with fewer minor group composition changes had, or tended to have, higher ALI. There was no relationship between ALI and sex or age. Some social and husbandry factors were associated with allostatic load in lemurs, indicating that this index may be a useful tool in assessing and determining factors contributing to stress of lemurs and other animals under human care.
format	article
author	Kathryn E. Seeley Kathryn L. Proudfoot Barbara Wolfe Douglas E. Crews
author_facet	Kathryn E. Seeley Kathryn L. Proudfoot Barbara Wolfe Douglas E. Crews
author_sort	Kathryn E. Seeley
title	Assessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)
title_short	Assessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)
title_full	Assessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)
title_fullStr	Assessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)
title_full_unstemmed	Assessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)
title_sort	assessing allostatic load in ring-tailed lemurs (<i>lemur catta</i>)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1f651143df2b4bea864206802ef75b61
work_keys_str_mv	AT kathryneseeley assessingallostaticloadinringtailedlemursilemurcattai AT kathrynlproudfoot assessingallostaticloadinringtailedlemursilemurcattai AT barbarawolfe assessingallostaticloadinringtailedlemursilemurcattai AT douglasecrews assessingallostaticloadinringtailedlemursilemurcattai
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Assessing Allostatic Load in Ring-Tailed Lemurs (<i>Lemur catta</i>)

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