Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review

(1) Background: As cities densify, researcher and policy focus is intensifying on which green space types and qualities are important for health. We conducted a systematic review to examine whether particular green space types and qualities have been shown to provide health benefits and if so, which...

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Autores principales:	Phi-Yen Nguyen, Thomas Astell-Burt, Hania Rahimi-Ardabili, Xiaoqi Feng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	green space qualities parks streetscape greenery environmental types built environment physical health Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1f72878f74f348c38de81193d54f264d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1f72878f74f348c38de81193d54f264d2021-11-11T16:11:06ZGreen Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review10.3390/ijerph1821110281660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/1f72878f74f348c38de81193d54f264d2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11028https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601(1) Background: As cities densify, researcher and policy focus is intensifying on which green space types and qualities are important for health. We conducted a systematic review to examine whether particular green space types and qualities have been shown to provide health benefits and if so, which specific types and qualities, and which health outcomes. (2) Methods: We searched five databases from inception up to June 30, 2021. We included all studies examining a wide range of green space characteristics on various health outcomes. (3) Results: 68 articles from 59 studies were found, with a high degree of heterogeneity in study designs, definitions of quality and outcomes. Most studies were cross-sectional, ecological or cohort studies. Environment types, vegetation types, and the size and connectivity of green spaces were associated with improved health outcomes, though with contingencies by age and gender. Health benefits were more consistently observed in areas with greater tree canopy, but not grassland. The main outcomes with evidence of health benefits included allergic respiratory conditions, cardiovascular conditions and psychological wellbeing. Both objectively and subjectively measured qualities demonstrated associations with health outcomes. (4) Conclusion: Experimental studies and longitudinal cohort studies will strengthen current evidence. Evidence was lacking for needs-specific or culturally-appropriate amenities and soundscape characteristics. Qualities that need more in-depth investigation include indices that account for forms, patterns, and networks of objectively and subjectively measured green space qualities.Phi-Yen NguyenThomas Astell-BurtHania Rahimi-ArdabiliXiaoqi FengMDPI AGarticlegreen space qualitiesparksstreetscape greeneryenvironmental typesbuilt environmentphysical healthMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11028, p 11028 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	green space qualities parks streetscape greenery environmental types built environment physical health Medicine R
spellingShingle	green space qualities parks streetscape greenery environmental types built environment physical health Medicine R Phi-Yen Nguyen Thomas Astell-Burt Hania Rahimi-Ardabili Xiaoqi Feng Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review
description	(1) Background: As cities densify, researcher and policy focus is intensifying on which green space types and qualities are important for health. We conducted a systematic review to examine whether particular green space types and qualities have been shown to provide health benefits and if so, which specific types and qualities, and which health outcomes. (2) Methods: We searched five databases from inception up to June 30, 2021. We included all studies examining a wide range of green space characteristics on various health outcomes. (3) Results: 68 articles from 59 studies were found, with a high degree of heterogeneity in study designs, definitions of quality and outcomes. Most studies were cross-sectional, ecological or cohort studies. Environment types, vegetation types, and the size and connectivity of green spaces were associated with improved health outcomes, though with contingencies by age and gender. Health benefits were more consistently observed in areas with greater tree canopy, but not grassland. The main outcomes with evidence of health benefits included allergic respiratory conditions, cardiovascular conditions and psychological wellbeing. Both objectively and subjectively measured qualities demonstrated associations with health outcomes. (4) Conclusion: Experimental studies and longitudinal cohort studies will strengthen current evidence. Evidence was lacking for needs-specific or culturally-appropriate amenities and soundscape characteristics. Qualities that need more in-depth investigation include indices that account for forms, patterns, and networks of objectively and subjectively measured green space qualities.
format	article
author	Phi-Yen Nguyen Thomas Astell-Burt Hania Rahimi-Ardabili Xiaoqi Feng
author_facet	Phi-Yen Nguyen Thomas Astell-Burt Hania Rahimi-Ardabili Xiaoqi Feng
author_sort	Phi-Yen Nguyen
title	Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review
title_short	Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review
title_full	Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr	Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed	Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review
title_sort	green space quality and health: a systematic review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1f72878f74f348c38de81193d54f264d
work_keys_str_mv	AT phiyennguyen greenspacequalityandhealthasystematicreview AT thomasastellburt greenspacequalityandhealthasystematicreview AT haniarahimiardabili greenspacequalityandhealthasystematicreview AT xiaoqifeng greenspacequalityandhealthasystematicreview
_version_	1718432341581365248

Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review

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