A simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs.
Domestic dogs exhibit tremendous phenotypic diversity, including a greater variation in body size than any other terrestrial mammal. Here, we generate a high density map of canine genetic variation by genotyping 915 dogs from 80 domestic dog breeds, 83 wild canids, and 10 outbred African shelter dog...
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2010
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oai:doaj.org-article:1fa232fafe334e7881e1e97d3f873e572021-11-18T05:34:55ZA simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.1000451https://doaj.org/article/1fa232fafe334e7881e1e97d3f873e572010-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20711490/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Domestic dogs exhibit tremendous phenotypic diversity, including a greater variation in body size than any other terrestrial mammal. Here, we generate a high density map of canine genetic variation by genotyping 915 dogs from 80 domestic dog breeds, 83 wild canids, and 10 outbred African shelter dogs across 60,968 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Coupling this genomic resource with external measurements from breed standards and individuals as well as skeletal measurements from museum specimens, we identify 51 regions of the dog genome associated with phenotypic variation among breeds in 57 traits. The complex traits include average breed body size and external body dimensions and cranial, dental, and long bone shape and size with and without allometric scaling. In contrast to the results from association mapping of quantitative traits in humans and domesticated plants, we find that across dog breeds, a small number of quantitative trait loci (< or = 3) explain the majority of phenotypic variation for most of the traits we studied. In addition, many genomic regions show signatures of recent selection, with most of the highly differentiated regions being associated with breed-defining traits such as body size, coat characteristics, and ear floppiness. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of mapping multiple traits in the domestic dog using a database of genotyped individuals and highlight the important role human-directed selection has played in altering the genetic architecture of key traits in this important species.Adam R BoykoPascale QuignonLin LiJeffrey J SchoenebeckJeremiah D DegenhardtKirk E LohmuellerKeyan ZhaoAbra BrisbinHeidi G ParkerBridgett M vonHoldtMichele CargillAdam AutonAndy ReynoldsAbdel G ElkahlounMarta CastelhanoMarta CastelhanoDana S MosherNathan B SutterGary S JohnsonJohn NovembreMelissa J HubiszAdam SiepelRobert K WayneCarlos D BustamanteElaine A OstranderPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e1000451 (2010) |
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DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
| spellingShingle |
Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Adam R Boyko Pascale Quignon Lin Li Jeffrey J Schoenebeck Jeremiah D Degenhardt Kirk E Lohmueller Keyan Zhao Abra Brisbin Heidi G Parker Bridgett M vonHoldt Michele Cargill Adam Auton Andy Reynolds Abdel G Elkahloun Marta Castelhano Marta Castelhano Dana S Mosher Nathan B Sutter Gary S Johnson John Novembre Melissa J Hubisz Adam Siepel Robert K Wayne Carlos D Bustamante Elaine A Ostrander A simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs. |
| description |
Domestic dogs exhibit tremendous phenotypic diversity, including a greater variation in body size than any other terrestrial mammal. Here, we generate a high density map of canine genetic variation by genotyping 915 dogs from 80 domestic dog breeds, 83 wild canids, and 10 outbred African shelter dogs across 60,968 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Coupling this genomic resource with external measurements from breed standards and individuals as well as skeletal measurements from museum specimens, we identify 51 regions of the dog genome associated with phenotypic variation among breeds in 57 traits. The complex traits include average breed body size and external body dimensions and cranial, dental, and long bone shape and size with and without allometric scaling. In contrast to the results from association mapping of quantitative traits in humans and domesticated plants, we find that across dog breeds, a small number of quantitative trait loci (< or = 3) explain the majority of phenotypic variation for most of the traits we studied. In addition, many genomic regions show signatures of recent selection, with most of the highly differentiated regions being associated with breed-defining traits such as body size, coat characteristics, and ear floppiness. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of mapping multiple traits in the domestic dog using a database of genotyped individuals and highlight the important role human-directed selection has played in altering the genetic architecture of key traits in this important species. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Adam R Boyko Pascale Quignon Lin Li Jeffrey J Schoenebeck Jeremiah D Degenhardt Kirk E Lohmueller Keyan Zhao Abra Brisbin Heidi G Parker Bridgett M vonHoldt Michele Cargill Adam Auton Andy Reynolds Abdel G Elkahloun Marta Castelhano Marta Castelhano Dana S Mosher Nathan B Sutter Gary S Johnson John Novembre Melissa J Hubisz Adam Siepel Robert K Wayne Carlos D Bustamante Elaine A Ostrander |
| author_facet |
Adam R Boyko Pascale Quignon Lin Li Jeffrey J Schoenebeck Jeremiah D Degenhardt Kirk E Lohmueller Keyan Zhao Abra Brisbin Heidi G Parker Bridgett M vonHoldt Michele Cargill Adam Auton Andy Reynolds Abdel G Elkahloun Marta Castelhano Marta Castelhano Dana S Mosher Nathan B Sutter Gary S Johnson John Novembre Melissa J Hubisz Adam Siepel Robert K Wayne Carlos D Bustamante Elaine A Ostrander |
| author_sort |
Adam R Boyko |
| title |
A simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs. |
| title_short |
A simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs. |
| title_full |
A simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs. |
| title_fullStr |
A simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs. |
| title_sort |
simple genetic architecture underlies morphological variation in dogs. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2010 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/1fa232fafe334e7881e1e97d3f873e57 |
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