Prion switching in response to environmental stress.

Evolution depends on the manner in which genetic variation is translated into new phenotypes. There has been much debate about whether organisms might have specific mechanisms for "evolvability," which would generate heritable phenotypic variation with adaptive value and could act to enhan...

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Autores principales:	Jens Tyedmers, Maria Lucia Madariaga, Susan Lindquist
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1fb2753915ba495a8cdf9be4905a22bb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1fb2753915ba495a8cdf9be4905a22bb2021-11-25T05:33:55ZPrion switching in response to environmental stress.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.0060294https://doaj.org/article/1fb2753915ba495a8cdf9be4905a22bb2008-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19067491/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Evolution depends on the manner in which genetic variation is translated into new phenotypes. There has been much debate about whether organisms might have specific mechanisms for "evolvability," which would generate heritable phenotypic variation with adaptive value and could act to enhance the rate of evolution. Capacitor systems, which allow the accumulation of cryptic genetic variation and release it under stressful conditions, might provide such a mechanism. In yeast, the prion [PSI(+)] exposes a large array of previously hidden genetic variation, and the phenotypes it thereby produces are advantageous roughly 25% of the time. The notion that [PSI(+)] is a mechanism for evolvability would be strengthened if the frequency of its appearance increased with stress. That is, a system that mediates even the haphazard appearance of new phenotypes, which have a reasonable chance of adaptive value would be beneficial if it were deployed at times when the organism is not well adapted to its environment. In an unbiased, high-throughput, genome-wide screen for factors that modify the frequency of [PSI(+)] induction, signal transducers and stress response genes were particularly prominent. Furthermore, prion induction increased by as much as 60-fold when cells were exposed to various stressful conditions, such as oxidative stress (H2O2) or high salt concentrations. The severity of stress and the frequency of [PSI(+)] induction were highly correlated. These findings support the hypothesis that [PSI(+)] is a mechanism to increase survival in fluctuating environments and might function as a capacitor to promote evolvability.Jens TyedmersMaria Lucia MadariagaSusan LindquistPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 6, Iss 11, p e294 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Jens Tyedmers Maria Lucia Madariaga Susan Lindquist Prion switching in response to environmental stress.
description	Evolution depends on the manner in which genetic variation is translated into new phenotypes. There has been much debate about whether organisms might have specific mechanisms for "evolvability," which would generate heritable phenotypic variation with adaptive value and could act to enhance the rate of evolution. Capacitor systems, which allow the accumulation of cryptic genetic variation and release it under stressful conditions, might provide such a mechanism. In yeast, the prion [PSI(+)] exposes a large array of previously hidden genetic variation, and the phenotypes it thereby produces are advantageous roughly 25% of the time. The notion that [PSI(+)] is a mechanism for evolvability would be strengthened if the frequency of its appearance increased with stress. That is, a system that mediates even the haphazard appearance of new phenotypes, which have a reasonable chance of adaptive value would be beneficial if it were deployed at times when the organism is not well adapted to its environment. In an unbiased, high-throughput, genome-wide screen for factors that modify the frequency of [PSI(+)] induction, signal transducers and stress response genes were particularly prominent. Furthermore, prion induction increased by as much as 60-fold when cells were exposed to various stressful conditions, such as oxidative stress (H2O2) or high salt concentrations. The severity of stress and the frequency of [PSI(+)] induction were highly correlated. These findings support the hypothesis that [PSI(+)] is a mechanism to increase survival in fluctuating environments and might function as a capacitor to promote evolvability.
format	article
author	Jens Tyedmers Maria Lucia Madariaga Susan Lindquist
author_facet	Jens Tyedmers Maria Lucia Madariaga Susan Lindquist
author_sort	Jens Tyedmers
title	Prion switching in response to environmental stress.
title_short	Prion switching in response to environmental stress.
title_full	Prion switching in response to environmental stress.
title_fullStr	Prion switching in response to environmental stress.
title_full_unstemmed	Prion switching in response to environmental stress.
title_sort	prion switching in response to environmental stress.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/1fb2753915ba495a8cdf9be4905a22bb
work_keys_str_mv	AT jenstyedmers prionswitchinginresponsetoenvironmentalstress AT marialuciamadariaga prionswitchinginresponsetoenvironmentalstress AT susanlindquist prionswitchinginresponsetoenvironmentalstress
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Prion switching in response to environmental stress.

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