Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide

Yogesh DwivediPsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USAAbstract: Depression and suicidal behavior have recently been shown to be associated with disturbances in structural and synaptic plasticity. Brain-derived neu...

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Autor principal:	Yogesh Dwivedi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2009
Materias:	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1fb452e987de45738da9cf22d4ecbbf9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1fb452e987de45738da9cf22d4ecbbf92021-12-02T05:08:50ZBrain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide1176-63281178-2021https://doaj.org/article/1fb452e987de45738da9cf22d4ecbbf92009-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-role-in-depression-and-suicide-a3456https://doaj.org/toc/1176-6328https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Yogesh DwivediPsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USAAbstract: Depression and suicidal behavior have recently been shown to be associated with disturbances in structural and synaptic plasticity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), one of the major neurotrophic factors, plays an important role in the maintenance and survival of neurons and in synaptic plasticity. Several lines of evidence suggest that BDNF is involved in depression, such that the expression of BDNF is decreased in depressed patients. In addition, antidepressants up-regulate the expression of BDNF. This has led to the proposal of the &ldquo;neurotrophin hypothesis of depression&rdquo;. Increasing evidence demonstrates that suicidal behavior is also associated with lower expression of BDNF, which may be independent from depression. Recent genetic studies also support a link of BDNF to depression/suicidal behavior. Not only BDNF, but abnormalities in its cognate receptor tropomycin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and its splice variant (TrkB.T1) have also been reported in depressed/suicidal patients. It has been suggested that epigenetic modulation of the Bdnf and Trkb genes may contribute to their altered expression and functioning. More recently, impairment in the functioning of pan75 neurotrophin receptor has been reported in suicide brain specimens. pan75 neurotrophin receptor is a low-affinity neurotrophin receptor that, when expressed in conjunction with low availability of neurotropins/Trks, induces apoptosis. Overall, these studies suggest the possibility that BDNF and its mediated signaling may participate in the pathophysiology of depression and suicidal behavior. This review focuses on the critical evidence demonstrating the involvement of BDNF in depression and suicide.Keywords: BDNF, neurotrophins, p75NTR, Trk receptor, depression, antidepressants, suicide, genetics, epigenetics Yogesh DwivediDove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2009, Iss default, Pp 433-449 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Yogesh Dwivedi Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide
description	Yogesh DwivediPsychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USAAbstract: Depression and suicidal behavior have recently been shown to be associated with disturbances in structural and synaptic plasticity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), one of the major neurotrophic factors, plays an important role in the maintenance and survival of neurons and in synaptic plasticity. Several lines of evidence suggest that BDNF is involved in depression, such that the expression of BDNF is decreased in depressed patients. In addition, antidepressants up-regulate the expression of BDNF. This has led to the proposal of the &ldquo;neurotrophin hypothesis of depression&rdquo;. Increasing evidence demonstrates that suicidal behavior is also associated with lower expression of BDNF, which may be independent from depression. Recent genetic studies also support a link of BDNF to depression/suicidal behavior. Not only BDNF, but abnormalities in its cognate receptor tropomycin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and its splice variant (TrkB.T1) have also been reported in depressed/suicidal patients. It has been suggested that epigenetic modulation of the Bdnf and Trkb genes may contribute to their altered expression and functioning. More recently, impairment in the functioning of pan75 neurotrophin receptor has been reported in suicide brain specimens. pan75 neurotrophin receptor is a low-affinity neurotrophin receptor that, when expressed in conjunction with low availability of neurotropins/Trks, induces apoptosis. Overall, these studies suggest the possibility that BDNF and its mediated signaling may participate in the pathophysiology of depression and suicidal behavior. This review focuses on the critical evidence demonstrating the involvement of BDNF in depression and suicide.Keywords: BDNF, neurotrophins, p75NTR, Trk receptor, depression, antidepressants, suicide, genetics, epigenetics
format	article
author	Yogesh Dwivedi
author_facet	Yogesh Dwivedi
author_sort	Yogesh Dwivedi
title	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide
title_short	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide
title_full	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide
title_fullStr	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide
title_full_unstemmed	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide
title_sort	brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/1fb452e987de45738da9cf22d4ecbbf9
work_keys_str_mv	AT yogeshdwivedi brainderivedneurotrophicfactorroleindepressionandsuicide
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor: role in depression and suicide

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