Management Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows

The present study assessed dairy cow welfare through the application of the Italian National Animal Welfare Reference Center (CReNBA) checklist in 36 dairy farms located in Ragusa (Italy) subjected to two different management conditions, housing with free access to pasture (Group 1, farms <i>n...

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Autores principales:	Francesca Licitra, Laura Perillo, Francesco Antoci, Giuseppe Piccione, Claudia Giannetto, Rosario Salonia, Elisabetta Giudice, Vincenzo Monteverde, Giuseppe Cascone
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	animal welfare farm animals dairy cow intensive housing system extensive housing system infectious diseases Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1fd8b45d3ddc46a9ad792396eb758bc0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1fd8b45d3ddc46a9ad792396eb758bc02021-11-25T16:21:30ZManagement Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows10.3390/ani111133212076-2615https://doaj.org/article/1fd8b45d3ddc46a9ad792396eb758bc02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3321https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615The present study assessed dairy cow welfare through the application of the Italian National Animal Welfare Reference Center (CReNBA) checklist in 36 dairy farms located in Ragusa (Italy) subjected to two different management conditions, housing with free access to pasture (Group 1, farms <i>n</i> = 17) and indoor housing (Group 2, farms <i>n</i> = 19). Five areas of investigation were considered: Area A, “Farm management and personnel”; Area B, “Facilities and equipment”; Area C, “Animal-based measures”; Area D, “Inspection of microclimatic environmental conditions and alarm systems”; and Area E, “Biosecurity”. Blood samples were collected by coccygeal venipuncture from all animals (4081 cows). The specific antibodies against <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. paratuberculosis, <i>Chlamydiophila abortus</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, <i>bovine viral diarrhea virus,</i> and the <i>bovine herpesvirus</i> were assessed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serological test. Group 1 (access to pasture) showed a lower value of percentage score recorded in Area A (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and E (<i>p</i> = 0.01) than Group 2 (indoor housing). <i>Herpesvirus</i> (Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis - IBR - detection of gB antibodies/IBR-gB) blood concentrations were higher in the cows housed indoor versus those with access to pasture (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Farm management and personnel (score A) was correlated with the level of <i>bovine viral diarrhea virus</i> (τ = 0.3754) and bovine-herpesvirus-specific antibodies (IBR-gB) (τ = 0.4159). “Biosecurity” percentage score showed a significant correlation with <i>Chlamydiophila abortus</i> (τ = −0.4621) in the cows with access to pasture and IBR-gB (τ = 0.3435) in the cows housed fully indoors. Group 2 showed a significantly reduced level of antibodies against <i>Neospora caninum</i>. In conclusion, differences in the welfare assessment score were observed in the “Farm management and personnel” and “Biosecurity” between the two management conditions. It had an effect on the prevalence of herpesvirus, which occurred more in cattle with access to pasture. Therefore, an accurate application of the checklist could be an instrument to prevent and control the spread of infections in farms.Francesca LicitraLaura PerilloFrancesco AntociGiuseppe PiccioneClaudia GiannettoRosario SaloniaElisabetta GiudiceVincenzo MonteverdeGiuseppe CasconeMDPI AGarticleanimal welfarefarm animalsdairy cowintensive housing systemextensive housing systeminfectious diseasesVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3321, p 3321 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	animal welfare farm animals dairy cow intensive housing system extensive housing system infectious diseases Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	animal welfare farm animals dairy cow intensive housing system extensive housing system infectious diseases Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Francesca Licitra Laura Perillo Francesco Antoci Giuseppe Piccione Claudia Giannetto Rosario Salonia Elisabetta Giudice Vincenzo Monteverde Giuseppe Cascone Management Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows
description	The present study assessed dairy cow welfare through the application of the Italian National Animal Welfare Reference Center (CReNBA) checklist in 36 dairy farms located in Ragusa (Italy) subjected to two different management conditions, housing with free access to pasture (Group 1, farms <i>n</i> = 17) and indoor housing (Group 2, farms <i>n</i> = 19). Five areas of investigation were considered: Area A, “Farm management and personnel”; Area B, “Facilities and equipment”; Area C, “Animal-based measures”; Area D, “Inspection of microclimatic environmental conditions and alarm systems”; and Area E, “Biosecurity”. Blood samples were collected by coccygeal venipuncture from all animals (4081 cows). The specific antibodies against <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. paratuberculosis, <i>Chlamydiophila abortus</i>, <i>Neospora caninum</i>, <i>bovine viral diarrhea virus,</i> and the <i>bovine herpesvirus</i> were assessed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serological test. Group 1 (access to pasture) showed a lower value of percentage score recorded in Area A (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and E (<i>p</i> = 0.01) than Group 2 (indoor housing). <i>Herpesvirus</i> (Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis - IBR - detection of gB antibodies/IBR-gB) blood concentrations were higher in the cows housed indoor versus those with access to pasture (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Farm management and personnel (score A) was correlated with the level of <i>bovine viral diarrhea virus</i> (τ = 0.3754) and bovine-herpesvirus-specific antibodies (IBR-gB) (τ = 0.4159). “Biosecurity” percentage score showed a significant correlation with <i>Chlamydiophila abortus</i> (τ = −0.4621) in the cows with access to pasture and IBR-gB (τ = 0.3435) in the cows housed fully indoors. Group 2 showed a significantly reduced level of antibodies against <i>Neospora caninum</i>. In conclusion, differences in the welfare assessment score were observed in the “Farm management and personnel” and “Biosecurity” between the two management conditions. It had an effect on the prevalence of herpesvirus, which occurred more in cattle with access to pasture. Therefore, an accurate application of the checklist could be an instrument to prevent and control the spread of infections in farms.
format	article
author	Francesca Licitra Laura Perillo Francesco Antoci Giuseppe Piccione Claudia Giannetto Rosario Salonia Elisabetta Giudice Vincenzo Monteverde Giuseppe Cascone
author_facet	Francesca Licitra Laura Perillo Francesco Antoci Giuseppe Piccione Claudia Giannetto Rosario Salonia Elisabetta Giudice Vincenzo Monteverde Giuseppe Cascone
author_sort	Francesca Licitra
title	Management Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows
title_short	Management Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows
title_full	Management Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows
title_fullStr	Management Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows
title_full_unstemmed	Management Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows
title_sort	management factors influence animal welfare and the correlation to infectious diseases in dairy cows
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1fd8b45d3ddc46a9ad792396eb758bc0
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Management Factors Influence Animal Welfare and the Correlation to Infectious Diseases in Dairy Cows

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