Toxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review

The presence of toxic metals in harvested game meat is a cause for concern for public health and meat safety in general. Authorities and food safety agencies continue to develop guidelines and limits of the maximum allowable levels of toxic metals in food products. However, the situation is differen...

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Autores principales:	Davies Veli Nkosi, Johan Leon Bekker, Louwrens Christian Hoffman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	toxic metal arsenic lead cadmium mercury hunting Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1fe58a57d1f4403d99ed32da6976cd68
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1fe58a57d1f4403d99ed32da6976cd682021-11-25T17:36:26ZToxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review10.3390/foods101128532304-8158https://doaj.org/article/1fe58a57d1f4403d99ed32da6976cd682021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2853https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158The presence of toxic metals in harvested game meat is a cause for concern for public health and meat safety in general. Authorities and food safety agencies continue to develop guidelines and limits of the maximum allowable levels of toxic metals in food products. However, the situation is different for game meat products in developing countries, where a number of shortcomings have been identified. This includes a lack of game meat animal slaughter regulations, specific species’ product limits that have not yet been established and the continued use of hunting or game meat animals’ harvesting plans that could introduce the same toxic metals of concern. This review was conducted from English literature published between 2011 and 2021; it highlights the possible health effects and the shortcomings in the implementation of game meat safety production strategies for toxic metals (Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury) in game meat animal production. Lead (Pb) remains the most significant threat for toxic metals contamination in game meat animals and the slaughter processes. In most developing countries, including in South Africa, the monitoring and control of these heavy metals in the game meat value chain has not yet been implemented.Davies Veli NkosiJohan Leon BekkerLouwrens Christian HoffmanMDPI AGarticletoxic metalarsenicleadcadmiummercuryhuntingChemical technologyTP1-1185ENFoods, Vol 10, Iss 2853, p 2853 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	toxic metal arsenic lead cadmium mercury hunting Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	toxic metal arsenic lead cadmium mercury hunting Chemical technology TP1-1185 Davies Veli Nkosi Johan Leon Bekker Louwrens Christian Hoffman Toxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review
description	The presence of toxic metals in harvested game meat is a cause for concern for public health and meat safety in general. Authorities and food safety agencies continue to develop guidelines and limits of the maximum allowable levels of toxic metals in food products. However, the situation is different for game meat products in developing countries, where a number of shortcomings have been identified. This includes a lack of game meat animal slaughter regulations, specific species’ product limits that have not yet been established and the continued use of hunting or game meat animals’ harvesting plans that could introduce the same toxic metals of concern. This review was conducted from English literature published between 2011 and 2021; it highlights the possible health effects and the shortcomings in the implementation of game meat safety production strategies for toxic metals (Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury) in game meat animal production. Lead (Pb) remains the most significant threat for toxic metals contamination in game meat animals and the slaughter processes. In most developing countries, including in South Africa, the monitoring and control of these heavy metals in the game meat value chain has not yet been implemented.
format	article
author	Davies Veli Nkosi Johan Leon Bekker Louwrens Christian Hoffman
author_facet	Davies Veli Nkosi Johan Leon Bekker Louwrens Christian Hoffman
author_sort	Davies Veli Nkosi
title	Toxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review
title_short	Toxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review
title_full	Toxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review
title_fullStr	Toxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review
title_full_unstemmed	Toxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review
title_sort	toxic metals in wild ungulates and domestic meat animals slaughtered for food purposes: a systemic review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1fe58a57d1f4403d99ed32da6976cd68
work_keys_str_mv	AT daviesvelinkosi toxicmetalsinwildungulatesanddomesticmeatanimalsslaughteredforfoodpurposesasystemicreview AT johanleonbekker toxicmetalsinwildungulatesanddomesticmeatanimalsslaughteredforfoodpurposesasystemicreview AT louwrenschristianhoffman toxicmetalsinwildungulatesanddomesticmeatanimalsslaughteredforfoodpurposesasystemicreview
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Toxic Metals in Wild Ungulates and Domestic Meat Animals Slaughtered for Food Purposes: A Systemic Review

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