Current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania

Textile wastewater from wet processing units is a major environmental problem. Most chemicals, including dyes, are only partly consumed, resulting in highly colored wastewater containing a variety of chemicals released into the environment. This paper gives information on the current management of t...

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Autores principales:	J. M. Bidu, B. Van der Bruggen, M. J. Rwiza, K. N. Njau
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	dyeing printing textile wastewater textile wastewater treatment textile wet processing Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/1ff12205ae2248378233ef6a14bd635b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:1ff12205ae2248378233ef6a14bd635b2021-11-06T11:05:20ZCurrent status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania0273-12231996-973210.2166/wst.2021.133https://doaj.org/article/1ff12205ae2248378233ef6a14bd635b2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wst.iwaponline.com/content/83/10/2363https://doaj.org/toc/0273-1223https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9732Textile wastewater from wet processing units is a major environmental problem. Most chemicals, including dyes, are only partly consumed, resulting in highly colored wastewater containing a variety of chemicals released into the environment. This paper gives information on the current management of textile wastewater in Tanzania. A semiquantitative analysis was done to identify the main types of chemicals used in wet processing units, wastewater characteristics and existing wastewater treatment methods in the textile industry. The performance evaluation of the existing wastewater treatment plants is also discussed. The advantages of integrating constructed wetlands with the existing treatment facilities for textile wastewater are explained. It has been observed that pretreatment and dying/printing of the fabrics are the main two processes that produce wastewater in many textile companies. Main pollutants are chemicals used from pretreatment and materials removed from de-sizing, bleaching and scouring processes. Dyes, printing pigments and dye auxiliaries are the main pollutants from the dyeing/printing process. Most of the textile companies in Tanzania are equipped with effluent treatment plants. Wastewater treatment plants have basically similar units, which are coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation through clarifiers and aerobic reactor. However, their effluents do not meet discharge limits stipulated by the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS). HIGHLIGHTS Characteristics of textile wastewater effluents in Tanzania.; Textile wastewater treatment technologies used in Tanzania.; Perfomance of textile wastewater treatment plants in Tanzania.; Main pollutants in textile wastewater in Tanzania.; Use of constructed wetland for tertiary treatment of textile wastewater.;J. M. BiduB. Van der BruggenM. J. RwizaK. N. NjauIWA Publishingarticledyeingprintingtextile wastewatertextile wastewater treatmenttextile wet processingEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science and Technology, Vol 83, Iss 10, Pp 2363-2376 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dyeing printing textile wastewater textile wastewater treatment textile wet processing Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	dyeing printing textile wastewater textile wastewater treatment textile wet processing Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 J. M. Bidu B. Van der Bruggen M. J. Rwiza K. N. Njau Current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania
description	Textile wastewater from wet processing units is a major environmental problem. Most chemicals, including dyes, are only partly consumed, resulting in highly colored wastewater containing a variety of chemicals released into the environment. This paper gives information on the current management of textile wastewater in Tanzania. A semiquantitative analysis was done to identify the main types of chemicals used in wet processing units, wastewater characteristics and existing wastewater treatment methods in the textile industry. The performance evaluation of the existing wastewater treatment plants is also discussed. The advantages of integrating constructed wetlands with the existing treatment facilities for textile wastewater are explained. It has been observed that pretreatment and dying/printing of the fabrics are the main two processes that produce wastewater in many textile companies. Main pollutants are chemicals used from pretreatment and materials removed from de-sizing, bleaching and scouring processes. Dyes, printing pigments and dye auxiliaries are the main pollutants from the dyeing/printing process. Most of the textile companies in Tanzania are equipped with effluent treatment plants. Wastewater treatment plants have basically similar units, which are coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation through clarifiers and aerobic reactor. However, their effluents do not meet discharge limits stipulated by the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS). HIGHLIGHTS Characteristics of textile wastewater effluents in Tanzania.; Textile wastewater treatment technologies used in Tanzania.; Perfomance of textile wastewater treatment plants in Tanzania.; Main pollutants in textile wastewater in Tanzania.; Use of constructed wetland for tertiary treatment of textile wastewater.;
format	article
author	J. M. Bidu B. Van der Bruggen M. J. Rwiza K. N. Njau
author_facet	J. M. Bidu B. Van der Bruggen M. J. Rwiza K. N. Njau
author_sort	J. M. Bidu
title	Current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania
title_short	Current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania
title_full	Current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania
title_fullStr	Current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed	Current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania
title_sort	current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in tanzania
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/1ff12205ae2248378233ef6a14bd635b
work_keys_str_mv	AT jmbidu currentstatusoftextilewastewatermanagementpracticesandeffluentcharacteristicsintanzania AT bvanderbruggen currentstatusoftextilewastewatermanagementpracticesandeffluentcharacteristicsintanzania AT mjrwiza currentstatusoftextilewastewatermanagementpracticesandeffluentcharacteristicsintanzania AT knnjau currentstatusoftextilewastewatermanagementpracticesandeffluentcharacteristicsintanzania
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Current status of textile wastewater management practices and effluent characteristics in Tanzania

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