Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye

Abstract This study evaluated human papillomavirus’s (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and crosstalk cytokines between pterygium and dry eye (DE). This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 healthy controls (HCs) and...

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Autores principales:	Lita Uthaithammarat, Ngamjit Kasetsuwan, Yuda Chongpison, Pimpetch Kasetsuwan, Usanee Reinprayoon, Pornjarim Nilyanimit, Yong Pooworawan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/20130c8298234253ab5aae2e3a8edbf3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:20130c8298234253ab5aae2e3a8edbf32021-12-02T10:44:15ZLack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye10.1038/s41598-021-82114-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/20130c8298234253ab5aae2e3a8edbf32021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82114-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract This study evaluated human papillomavirus’s (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and crosstalk cytokines between pterygium and dry eye (DE). This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 healthy controls (HCs) and 116 pterygium patients. Four subgroups of pterygium and DE were used in cytokine evaluations. Conjunctival and pterygium swabs and first-void urine samples (i.e., genitalia samples) were collected for HPV DNA detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tear cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tears were evaluated. No HPV DNA was detected in conjunctival or pterygium swabs. No association was found between HPV DNA in urine samples and that from conjunctival or pterygium swabs. Tear VEGF levels were significantly higher in pterygium patients than in HCs, with no markedly different levels between primary and recurrent pterygia. Tear IL-6, IL-18, and tear VEGF were significantly higher in participants with DE, regardless of pterygium status. In conclusion, HPV infection was not a pathogenic factor of pterygia. The hypothesis of HPV transmitting from the genitals to ocular surfaces was nullified. Tear VEGF was involved in both pterygia and DE, whereas tear IL-6 and IL-18 played roles only in DE.Lita UthaithammaratNgamjit KasetsuwanYuda ChongpisonPimpetch KasetsuwanUsanee ReinprayoonPornjarim NilyanimitYong PooworawanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lita Uthaithammarat Ngamjit Kasetsuwan Yuda Chongpison Pimpetch Kasetsuwan Usanee Reinprayoon Pornjarim Nilyanimit Yong Pooworawan Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
description	Abstract This study evaluated human papillomavirus’s (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and crosstalk cytokines between pterygium and dry eye (DE). This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 healthy controls (HCs) and 116 pterygium patients. Four subgroups of pterygium and DE were used in cytokine evaluations. Conjunctival and pterygium swabs and first-void urine samples (i.e., genitalia samples) were collected for HPV DNA detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tear cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tears were evaluated. No HPV DNA was detected in conjunctival or pterygium swabs. No association was found between HPV DNA in urine samples and that from conjunctival or pterygium swabs. Tear VEGF levels were significantly higher in pterygium patients than in HCs, with no markedly different levels between primary and recurrent pterygia. Tear IL-6, IL-18, and tear VEGF were significantly higher in participants with DE, regardless of pterygium status. In conclusion, HPV infection was not a pathogenic factor of pterygia. The hypothesis of HPV transmitting from the genitals to ocular surfaces was nullified. Tear VEGF was involved in both pterygia and DE, whereas tear IL-6 and IL-18 played roles only in DE.
format	article
author	Lita Uthaithammarat Ngamjit Kasetsuwan Yuda Chongpison Pimpetch Kasetsuwan Usanee Reinprayoon Pornjarim Nilyanimit Yong Pooworawan
author_facet	Lita Uthaithammarat Ngamjit Kasetsuwan Yuda Chongpison Pimpetch Kasetsuwan Usanee Reinprayoon Pornjarim Nilyanimit Yong Pooworawan
author_sort	Lita Uthaithammarat
title	Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
title_short	Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
title_full	Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
title_fullStr	Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
title_full_unstemmed	Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
title_sort	lack of hpv in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/20130c8298234253ab5aae2e3a8edbf3
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Lack of HPV in pterygium with no evidence of autoinoculation and the role of cytokines in pterygium with dry eye

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