Population Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan

Theileria annulata, which causes tropical theileriosis, is a major impediment to improving cattle production in Sudan. Tropical theileriosis disease is prevalent in the north and central regions of Sudan. Outbreaks of the disease have been observed outside the known endemic areas, in east and west r...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Diaeldin A. Salih, Awadia M. Ali, Moses Njahira, Khalid M. Taha, Mohammed S. Mohammed, Joram M. Mwacharo, Ndila Mbole-Kariuki, Abdelrhim M. El Hussein, Richard Bishop, Robert Skilton
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	cattle cell culture vaccine Theileria annulata genotyping population genetics sub-structure Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/204d4b7a0e464f34b267f8d4e26aa5b4
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:204d4b7a0e464f34b267f8d4e26aa5b4
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:204d4b7a0e464f34b267f8d4e26aa5b42021-11-19T07:55:29ZPopulation Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan1664-802110.3389/fgene.2021.742808https://doaj.org/article/204d4b7a0e464f34b267f8d4e26aa5b42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.742808/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021Theileria annulata, which causes tropical theileriosis, is a major impediment to improving cattle production in Sudan. Tropical theileriosis disease is prevalent in the north and central regions of Sudan. Outbreaks of the disease have been observed outside the known endemic areas, in east and west regions of the country, due to changes in tick vector distribution and animal movement. A live schizont attenuated vaccination based on tissue culture technology has been developed to control the disease. The parasite in the field as well as the vaccine strain need to be genotyped before the vaccinations are practiced, in order to be able to monitor any breakthrough or breakdown, if any, after the deployment of the vaccine in the field. Nine microsatellite markers were used to genotype 246 field samples positive for T. annulata DNA and the vaccine strain. North and central populations have a higher multiplicity of infection than east and west populations. The examination of principal components showed two sub-structures with a mix of all four populations in both clusters and the vaccine strain used being aligned with left-lower cluster. Only the north population was in linkage equilibrium, while the other populations were in linkage disequilibrium, and linkage equilibrium was found when all samples were regarded as single population. The genetic identity of the vaccine and field samples was 0.62 with the north population and 0.39 with west population. Overall, genetic investigations of four T. annulata populations in Sudan revealed substantial intermixing, with only two groups exhibiting regional origin independence. In the four geographically distant regions analyzed, there was a high level of genetic variation within each population. The findings show that the live schizont attenuated vaccine, Atbara strain may be acceptable for use in all Sudanese regions where tropical theileriosis occurs.Diaeldin A. SalihDiaeldin A. SalihAwadia M. AliMoses NjahiraKhalid M. TahaMohammed S. MohammedJoram M. MwacharoNdila Mbole-KariukiAbdelrhim M. El HusseinRichard BishopRobert SkiltonFrontiers Media S.A.articlecattlecell culture vaccineTheileria annulatagenotypingpopulation geneticssub-structureGeneticsQH426-470ENFrontiers in Genetics, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cattle cell culture vaccine Theileria annulata genotyping population genetics sub-structure Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	cattle cell culture vaccine Theileria annulata genotyping population genetics sub-structure Genetics QH426-470 Diaeldin A. Salih Diaeldin A. Salih Awadia M. Ali Moses Njahira Khalid M. Taha Mohammed S. Mohammed Joram M. Mwacharo Ndila Mbole-Kariuki Abdelrhim M. El Hussein Richard Bishop Robert Skilton Population Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan
description	Theileria annulata, which causes tropical theileriosis, is a major impediment to improving cattle production in Sudan. Tropical theileriosis disease is prevalent in the north and central regions of Sudan. Outbreaks of the disease have been observed outside the known endemic areas, in east and west regions of the country, due to changes in tick vector distribution and animal movement. A live schizont attenuated vaccination based on tissue culture technology has been developed to control the disease. The parasite in the field as well as the vaccine strain need to be genotyped before the vaccinations are practiced, in order to be able to monitor any breakthrough or breakdown, if any, after the deployment of the vaccine in the field. Nine microsatellite markers were used to genotype 246 field samples positive for T. annulata DNA and the vaccine strain. North and central populations have a higher multiplicity of infection than east and west populations. The examination of principal components showed two sub-structures with a mix of all four populations in both clusters and the vaccine strain used being aligned with left-lower cluster. Only the north population was in linkage equilibrium, while the other populations were in linkage disequilibrium, and linkage equilibrium was found when all samples were regarded as single population. The genetic identity of the vaccine and field samples was 0.62 with the north population and 0.39 with west population. Overall, genetic investigations of four T. annulata populations in Sudan revealed substantial intermixing, with only two groups exhibiting regional origin independence. In the four geographically distant regions analyzed, there was a high level of genetic variation within each population. The findings show that the live schizont attenuated vaccine, Atbara strain may be acceptable for use in all Sudanese regions where tropical theileriosis occurs.
format	article
author	Diaeldin A. Salih Diaeldin A. Salih Awadia M. Ali Moses Njahira Khalid M. Taha Mohammed S. Mohammed Joram M. Mwacharo Ndila Mbole-Kariuki Abdelrhim M. El Hussein Richard Bishop Robert Skilton
author_facet	Diaeldin A. Salih Diaeldin A. Salih Awadia M. Ali Moses Njahira Khalid M. Taha Mohammed S. Mohammed Joram M. Mwacharo Ndila Mbole-Kariuki Abdelrhim M. El Hussein Richard Bishop Robert Skilton
author_sort	Diaeldin A. Salih
title	Population Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan
title_short	Population Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan
title_full	Population Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan
title_fullStr	Population Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan
title_full_unstemmed	Population Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan
title_sort	population genetic analysis and sub-structuring of theileria annulata in sudan
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/204d4b7a0e464f34b267f8d4e26aa5b4
work_keys_str_mv	AT diaeldinasalih populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT diaeldinasalih populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT awadiamali populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT mosesnjahira populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT khalidmtaha populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT mohammedsmohammed populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT jorammmwacharo populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT ndilambolekariuki populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT abdelrhimmelhussein populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT richardbishop populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan AT robertskilton populationgeneticanalysisandsubstructuringoftheileriaannulatainsudan
_version_	1718420244599406592

Population Genetic Analysis and Sub-Structuring of Theileria annulata in Sudan

Ejemplares similares