Role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019

Coronavirus disease 2019 is a major threat to public health globally. Though its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been recently identified as a receptor for the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into the cell....

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Autores principales:	Meng-Yuan Liu, Bo Zheng, Yan Zhang, Jian-Ping Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2020
Materias:	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Acute lung injury Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/206b816da909444199c0f4f7c34d5205
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:206b816da909444199c0f4f7c34d52052021-12-02T16:02:19ZRole and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 20192095-882X10.1016/j.cdtm.2020.05.003https://doaj.org/article/206b816da909444199c0f4f7c34d52052020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095882X20300426https://doaj.org/toc/2095-882XCoronavirus disease 2019 is a major threat to public health globally. Though its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been recently identified as a receptor for the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into the cell. Here, we aimed to clarify the potential role of ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2-induced acute lung injury and its underlying mechanism. As a receptor for coronavirus, ACE2 mediates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells in a similar way as for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The high binding affinity of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 correlates with its efficient spread among humans. On the other hand, ACE2 negatively regulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) primarily by converting angiotensin II to angiotensin 1–7, which exerts a beneficial effect on coronavirus-induced acute lung injury. Human recombinant ACE2 has been considered as a potential therapy for SARS-CoV-2 by blocking virus entry and redressing the imbalance of RAAS in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The level of ACE2 expression can be upregulated by treatment with an ACE inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor blocker (ARB). To date, no evidence shows that ACEIs or ARBs increase the susceptibility and mortality of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, and hence, it is not advisable to discontinue such drugs in patients with cardiovascular disease.Meng-Yuan LiuBo ZhengYan ZhangJian-Ping LiKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.articleSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2Acute lung injuryMedicine (General)R5-920ENChronic Diseases and Translational Medicine, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 98-105 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Acute lung injury Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Acute lung injury Medicine (General) R5-920 Meng-Yuan Liu Bo Zheng Yan Zhang Jian-Ping Li Role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019
description	Coronavirus disease 2019 is a major threat to public health globally. Though its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been recently identified as a receptor for the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into the cell. Here, we aimed to clarify the potential role of ACE2 in SARS-CoV-2-induced acute lung injury and its underlying mechanism. As a receptor for coronavirus, ACE2 mediates the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells in a similar way as for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The high binding affinity of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 correlates with its efficient spread among humans. On the other hand, ACE2 negatively regulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) primarily by converting angiotensin II to angiotensin 1–7, which exerts a beneficial effect on coronavirus-induced acute lung injury. Human recombinant ACE2 has been considered as a potential therapy for SARS-CoV-2 by blocking virus entry and redressing the imbalance of RAAS in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The level of ACE2 expression can be upregulated by treatment with an ACE inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor blocker (ARB). To date, no evidence shows that ACEIs or ARBs increase the susceptibility and mortality of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, and hence, it is not advisable to discontinue such drugs in patients with cardiovascular disease.
format	article
author	Meng-Yuan Liu Bo Zheng Yan Zhang Jian-Ping Li
author_facet	Meng-Yuan Liu Bo Zheng Yan Zhang Jian-Ping Li
author_sort	Meng-Yuan Liu
title	Role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019
title_short	Role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019
title_full	Role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019
title_fullStr	Role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019
title_full_unstemmed	Role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019
title_sort	role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019
publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/206b816da909444199c0f4f7c34d5205
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Role and mechanism of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in acute lung injury in coronavirus disease 2019

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