Long Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders

Mentally disordered offenders provided with forensic psychiatric care are often treated with second generation antipsychotic (SGA) medication and experience metabolic and inflammatory side effects. Aim: In this paper, we monitored the three-year fluctuation of selected anthropometric, biochemical, a...

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Autores principales:	Emilia Vassilopoulou, Dimitris Efthymiou, Evangelia Papatriantafyllou, Maria Markopoulou, Efthymia-Maria Sakellariou, Alina Codruta Popescu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	forensic psychiatry antipsychotic drugs metabolic disturbances Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/20877e475a09433b8a22562bed489833
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:20877e475a09433b8a22562bed4898332021-11-25T18:07:53ZLong Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders10.3390/jpm111111892075-4426https://doaj.org/article/20877e475a09433b8a22562bed4898332021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4426/11/11/1189https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4426Mentally disordered offenders provided with forensic psychiatric care are often treated with second generation antipsychotic (SGA) medication and experience metabolic and inflammatory side effects. Aim: In this paper, we monitored the three-year fluctuation of selected anthropometric, biochemical, and inflammatory indices in forensic psychiatric patients receiving antipsychotic (AP) medication for more than five years, according to the type of AP. Methods: Thirty-five patients with psychotic disorders were classified into two groups based on the type of AP. Specifically: AP1, related to a lower risk, and AP2, related to an increased risk of weight gain (WG) and metabolic complications. Biochemical, hematological, anthropometric, blood pressure (BP), and medication data were retrieved from the individual medical files. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 23. Results: No significant differences in weight and glucose and cholesterol levels were observed, but patients taking AP2 more often needed drugs to control diabetes mellitus (DM), lipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In those taking AP1, the mean HDL level decreased significantly over time (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and a higher proportion developed higher BP (52.9% of AP1 vs. 16.7% AP2). In the AP2 group the median level of C-reactive protein (CRP) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and the white blood cell count (WBC) increased over the three years (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: The proposed sub-classification of SGAs into AP1 and AP2, depending on their potential for metabolic and inflammatory effects, might facilitate study of their long-term side-effects but also help in personalized prevention or treatment measures to counteract these side-effects.Emilia VassilopoulouDimitris EfthymiouEvangelia PapatriantafyllouMaria MarkopoulouEfthymia-Maria SakellariouAlina Codruta PopescuMDPI AGarticleforensic psychiatryantipsychotic drugsmetabolic disturbancesMedicineRENJournal of Personalized Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1189, p 1189 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	forensic psychiatry antipsychotic drugs metabolic disturbances Medicine R
spellingShingle	forensic psychiatry antipsychotic drugs metabolic disturbances Medicine R Emilia Vassilopoulou Dimitris Efthymiou Evangelia Papatriantafyllou Maria Markopoulou Efthymia-Maria Sakellariou Alina Codruta Popescu Long Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders
description	Mentally disordered offenders provided with forensic psychiatric care are often treated with second generation antipsychotic (SGA) medication and experience metabolic and inflammatory side effects. Aim: In this paper, we monitored the three-year fluctuation of selected anthropometric, biochemical, and inflammatory indices in forensic psychiatric patients receiving antipsychotic (AP) medication for more than five years, according to the type of AP. Methods: Thirty-five patients with psychotic disorders were classified into two groups based on the type of AP. Specifically: AP1, related to a lower risk, and AP2, related to an increased risk of weight gain (WG) and metabolic complications. Biochemical, hematological, anthropometric, blood pressure (BP), and medication data were retrieved from the individual medical files. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 23. Results: No significant differences in weight and glucose and cholesterol levels were observed, but patients taking AP2 more often needed drugs to control diabetes mellitus (DM), lipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In those taking AP1, the mean HDL level decreased significantly over time (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and a higher proportion developed higher BP (52.9% of AP1 vs. 16.7% AP2). In the AP2 group the median level of C-reactive protein (CRP) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and the white blood cell count (WBC) increased over the three years (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: The proposed sub-classification of SGAs into AP1 and AP2, depending on their potential for metabolic and inflammatory effects, might facilitate study of their long-term side-effects but also help in personalized prevention or treatment measures to counteract these side-effects.
format	article
author	Emilia Vassilopoulou Dimitris Efthymiou Evangelia Papatriantafyllou Maria Markopoulou Efthymia-Maria Sakellariou Alina Codruta Popescu
author_facet	Emilia Vassilopoulou Dimitris Efthymiou Evangelia Papatriantafyllou Maria Markopoulou Efthymia-Maria Sakellariou Alina Codruta Popescu
author_sort	Emilia Vassilopoulou
title	Long Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders
title_short	Long Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders
title_full	Long Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders
title_fullStr	Long Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders
title_full_unstemmed	Long Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders
title_sort	long term metabolic and inflammatory effects of second-generation antipsychotics: a study in mentally disordered offenders
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/20877e475a09433b8a22562bed489833
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Long Term Metabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Second-Generation Antipsychotics: A Study in Mentally Disordered Offenders

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