Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

The brain is our most complex and least understood organ. Animal models have long been the most versatile tools available to dissect brain form and function; however, the human brain is highly distinct from that of standard model organisms. In addition to existing models, access to human brain cells...

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Autores principales:	Erin Knock, Lisa M. Julian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	human pluripotent stem cells neural stem cells regenerative medicine human brain development disease modeling Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/209aef67caf04e49b3ee71cfb22c08db
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:209aef67caf04e49b3ee71cfb22c08db2021-11-18T09:53:16ZBuilding on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells1662-510210.3389/fncel.2021.767457https://doaj.org/article/209aef67caf04e49b3ee71cfb22c08db2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2021.767457/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5102The brain is our most complex and least understood organ. Animal models have long been the most versatile tools available to dissect brain form and function; however, the human brain is highly distinct from that of standard model organisms. In addition to existing models, access to human brain cells and tissues is essential to reach new frontiers in our understanding of the human brain and how to intervene therapeutically in the face of disease or injury. In this review, we discuss current and developing culture models of human neural tissue, outlining advantages over animal models and key challenges that remain to be overcome. Our principal focus is on advances in engineering neural cells and tissue constructs from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), though primary human cell and slice culture are also discussed. By highlighting studies that combine animal models and human neural cell culture techniques, we endeavor to demonstrate that clever use of these orthogonal model systems produces more reproducible, physiological, and clinically relevant data than either approach alone. We provide examples across a range of topics in neuroscience research including brain development, injury, and cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric conditions. Finally, as testing of PSC-derived neurons for cell replacement therapy progresses, we touch on the advancements that are needed to make this a clinical mainstay.Erin KnockErin KnockLisa M. JulianFrontiers Media S.A.articlehuman pluripotent stem cellsneural stem cellsregenerative medicinehuman brain developmentdisease modelingNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	human pluripotent stem cells neural stem cells regenerative medicine human brain development disease modeling Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	human pluripotent stem cells neural stem cells regenerative medicine human brain development disease modeling Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Erin Knock Erin Knock Lisa M. Julian Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
description	The brain is our most complex and least understood organ. Animal models have long been the most versatile tools available to dissect brain form and function; however, the human brain is highly distinct from that of standard model organisms. In addition to existing models, access to human brain cells and tissues is essential to reach new frontiers in our understanding of the human brain and how to intervene therapeutically in the face of disease or injury. In this review, we discuss current and developing culture models of human neural tissue, outlining advantages over animal models and key challenges that remain to be overcome. Our principal focus is on advances in engineering neural cells and tissue constructs from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), though primary human cell and slice culture are also discussed. By highlighting studies that combine animal models and human neural cell culture techniques, we endeavor to demonstrate that clever use of these orthogonal model systems produces more reproducible, physiological, and clinically relevant data than either approach alone. We provide examples across a range of topics in neuroscience research including brain development, injury, and cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric conditions. Finally, as testing of PSC-derived neurons for cell replacement therapy progresses, we touch on the advancements that are needed to make this a clinical mainstay.
format	article
author	Erin Knock Erin Knock Lisa M. Julian
author_facet	Erin Knock Erin Knock Lisa M. Julian
author_sort	Erin Knock
title	Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
title_short	Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
title_full	Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
title_fullStr	Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
title_sort	building on a solid foundation: adding relevance and reproducibility to neurological modeling using human pluripotent stem cells
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/209aef67caf04e49b3ee71cfb22c08db
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Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

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