The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice

ABSTRACT Atherosclerotic plaque development depends on chronic inflammation of the arterial wall. A dysbiotic gut microbiota can cause low-grade inflammation, and microbiota composition was linked to cardiovascular disease risk. However, the role of this environmental factor in atherothrombosis rema...

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Autores principales: Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi, Sven Jäckel, Giulia Pontarollo, Alexandra Grill, Marijke J. E. Kuijpers, Eivor Wilms, Christian Weber, Felix Sommer, Magdolna Nagy, Carlos Neideck, Yvonne Jansen, Stefanie Ascher, Henning Formes, Cornelia Karwot, Franziska Bayer, Bettina Kollar, Saravanan Subramaniam, Michael Molitor, Philip Wenzel, Philip Rosenstiel, Hristo Todorov, Susanne Gerber, Ulrich Walter, Kerstin Jurk, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Emiel P. C. van der Vorst, Yvonne Döring, Christoph Reinhardt
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Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2019
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:20c67fc195d04a29b3eecc489e3dc2762021-11-15T15:59:41ZThe Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice10.1128/mBio.02298-192150-7511https://doaj.org/article/20c67fc195d04a29b3eecc489e3dc2762019-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02298-19https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Atherosclerotic plaque development depends on chronic inflammation of the arterial wall. A dysbiotic gut microbiota can cause low-grade inflammation, and microbiota composition was linked to cardiovascular disease risk. However, the role of this environmental factor in atherothrombosis remains undefined. To analyze the impact of gut microbiota on atherothrombosis, we rederived low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr−/−) mice as germfree (GF) and kept these mice for 16 weeks on an atherogenic high-fat Western diet (HFD) under GF isolator conditions and under conventionally raised specific-pathogen-free conditions (CONV-R). In spite of reduced diversity of the cecal gut microbiome, caused by atherogenic HFD, GF Ldlr−/− mice and CONV-R Ldlr−/− mice exhibited atherosclerotic lesions of comparable sizes in the common carotid artery. In contrast to HFD-fed mice, showing no difference in total cholesterol levels, CONV-R Ldlr−/− mice fed control diet (CD) had significantly reduced total plasma cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and LDL levels compared with GF Ldlr−/− mice. Myeloid cell counts in blood as well as leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall at the common carotid artery of GF Ldlr−/− mice on HFD were diminished compared to CONV-R Ldlr−/− controls. Plasma cytokine profiling revealed reduced levels of the proinflammatory chemokines CCL7 and CXCL1 in GF Ldlr−/− mice, whereas the T-cell-related interleukin 9 (IL-9) and IL-27 were elevated. In the atherothrombosis model of ultrasound-induced rupture of the common carotid artery plaque, thrombus area was significantly reduced in GF Ldlr−/− mice relative to CONV-R Ldlr−/− mice. Ex vivo, this atherothrombotic phenotype was explained by decreased adhesion-dependent platelet activation and thrombus growth of HFD-fed GF Ldlr−/− mice on type III collagen. IMPORTANCE Our results demonstrate a functional role for the commensal microbiota in atherothrombosis. In a ferric chloride injury model of the carotid artery, GF C57BL/6J mice had increased occlusion times compared to colonized controls. Interestingly, in late atherosclerosis, HFD-fed GF Ldlr−/− mice had reduced plaque rupture-induced thrombus growth in the carotid artery and diminished ex vivo thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions.Klytaimnistra KiouptsiSven JäckelGiulia PontarolloAlexandra GrillMarijke J. E. KuijpersEivor WilmsChristian WeberFelix SommerMagdolna NagyCarlos NeideckYvonne JansenStefanie AscherHenning FormesCornelia KarwotFranziska BayerBettina KollarSaravanan SubramaniamMichael MolitorPhilip WenzelPhilip RosenstielHristo TodorovSusanne GerberUlrich WalterKerstin JurkJohan W. M. HeemskerkEmiel P. C. van der VorstYvonne DöringChristoph ReinhardtAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlegut microbiotagermfreelow-density lipoprotein receptorarterial thrombosisatherothrombosiscarotid arteryMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 10, Iss 5 (2019)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic gut microbiota
germfree
low-density lipoprotein receptor
arterial thrombosis
atherothrombosis
carotid artery
Microbiology
QR1-502
spellingShingle gut microbiota
germfree
low-density lipoprotein receptor
arterial thrombosis
atherothrombosis
carotid artery
Microbiology
QR1-502
Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi
Sven Jäckel
Giulia Pontarollo
Alexandra Grill
Marijke J. E. Kuijpers
Eivor Wilms
Christian Weber
Felix Sommer
Magdolna Nagy
Carlos Neideck
Yvonne Jansen
Stefanie Ascher
Henning Formes
Cornelia Karwot
Franziska Bayer
Bettina Kollar
Saravanan Subramaniam
Michael Molitor
Philip Wenzel
Philip Rosenstiel
Hristo Todorov
Susanne Gerber
Ulrich Walter
Kerstin Jurk
Johan W. M. Heemskerk
Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
Yvonne Döring
Christoph Reinhardt
The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice
description ABSTRACT Atherosclerotic plaque development depends on chronic inflammation of the arterial wall. A dysbiotic gut microbiota can cause low-grade inflammation, and microbiota composition was linked to cardiovascular disease risk. However, the role of this environmental factor in atherothrombosis remains undefined. To analyze the impact of gut microbiota on atherothrombosis, we rederived low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr−/−) mice as germfree (GF) and kept these mice for 16 weeks on an atherogenic high-fat Western diet (HFD) under GF isolator conditions and under conventionally raised specific-pathogen-free conditions (CONV-R). In spite of reduced diversity of the cecal gut microbiome, caused by atherogenic HFD, GF Ldlr−/− mice and CONV-R Ldlr−/− mice exhibited atherosclerotic lesions of comparable sizes in the common carotid artery. In contrast to HFD-fed mice, showing no difference in total cholesterol levels, CONV-R Ldlr−/− mice fed control diet (CD) had significantly reduced total plasma cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and LDL levels compared with GF Ldlr−/− mice. Myeloid cell counts in blood as well as leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall at the common carotid artery of GF Ldlr−/− mice on HFD were diminished compared to CONV-R Ldlr−/− controls. Plasma cytokine profiling revealed reduced levels of the proinflammatory chemokines CCL7 and CXCL1 in GF Ldlr−/− mice, whereas the T-cell-related interleukin 9 (IL-9) and IL-27 were elevated. In the atherothrombosis model of ultrasound-induced rupture of the common carotid artery plaque, thrombus area was significantly reduced in GF Ldlr−/− mice relative to CONV-R Ldlr−/− mice. Ex vivo, this atherothrombotic phenotype was explained by decreased adhesion-dependent platelet activation and thrombus growth of HFD-fed GF Ldlr−/− mice on type III collagen. IMPORTANCE Our results demonstrate a functional role for the commensal microbiota in atherothrombosis. In a ferric chloride injury model of the carotid artery, GF C57BL/6J mice had increased occlusion times compared to colonized controls. Interestingly, in late atherosclerosis, HFD-fed GF Ldlr−/− mice had reduced plaque rupture-induced thrombus growth in the carotid artery and diminished ex vivo thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions.
format article
author Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi
Sven Jäckel
Giulia Pontarollo
Alexandra Grill
Marijke J. E. Kuijpers
Eivor Wilms
Christian Weber
Felix Sommer
Magdolna Nagy
Carlos Neideck
Yvonne Jansen
Stefanie Ascher
Henning Formes
Cornelia Karwot
Franziska Bayer
Bettina Kollar
Saravanan Subramaniam
Michael Molitor
Philip Wenzel
Philip Rosenstiel
Hristo Todorov
Susanne Gerber
Ulrich Walter
Kerstin Jurk
Johan W. M. Heemskerk
Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
Yvonne Döring
Christoph Reinhardt
author_facet Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi
Sven Jäckel
Giulia Pontarollo
Alexandra Grill
Marijke J. E. Kuijpers
Eivor Wilms
Christian Weber
Felix Sommer
Magdolna Nagy
Carlos Neideck
Yvonne Jansen
Stefanie Ascher
Henning Formes
Cornelia Karwot
Franziska Bayer
Bettina Kollar
Saravanan Subramaniam
Michael Molitor
Philip Wenzel
Philip Rosenstiel
Hristo Todorov
Susanne Gerber
Ulrich Walter
Kerstin Jurk
Johan W. M. Heemskerk
Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
Yvonne Döring
Christoph Reinhardt
author_sort Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi
title The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice
title_short The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice
title_full The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice
title_fullStr The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice
title_full_unstemmed The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice
title_sort microbiota promotes arterial thrombosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice
publisher American Society for Microbiology
publishDate 2019
url https://doaj.org/article/20c67fc195d04a29b3eecc489e3dc276
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