HIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms.
HIV-1 is present in anatomical compartments and bodily fluids. Most transmissions occur through sexual acts, making virus in semen the proximal source in male donors. We find three distinct relationships in comparing viral RNA populations between blood and semen in men with chronic HIV-1 infection,...
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2010
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oai:doaj.org-article:20e08ade5ca94a1a8b9b8cef5a4037c62021-11-18T06:01:42ZHIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1001053https://doaj.org/article/20e08ade5ca94a1a8b9b8cef5a4037c62010-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20808902/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374HIV-1 is present in anatomical compartments and bodily fluids. Most transmissions occur through sexual acts, making virus in semen the proximal source in male donors. We find three distinct relationships in comparing viral RNA populations between blood and semen in men with chronic HIV-1 infection, and we propose that the viral populations in semen arise by multiple mechanisms including: direct import of virus, oligoclonal amplification within the seminal tract, or compartmentalization. In addition, we find significant enrichment of six out of nineteen cytokines and chemokines in semen of both HIV-infected and uninfected men, and another seven further enriched in infected individuals. The enrichment of cytokines involved in innate immunity in the seminal tract, complemented with chemokines in infected men, creates an environment conducive to T cell activation and viral replication. These studies define different relationships between virus in blood and semen that can significantly alter the composition of the viral population at the source that is most proximal to the transmitted virus.Jeffrey A AndersonLi-Hua PingOliver DibbenCassandra B JabaraLeslie ArneyLaura KincerYuyang TangMarcia HobbsIrving HoffmanPeter KazembeCorbin D JonesPersephone BorrowSusan FiscusMyron S CohenRonald SwanstromCenter for HIV/AIDS Vaccine ImmunologyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 6, Iss 8, p e1001053 (2010) |
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DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
| spellingShingle |
Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Jeffrey A Anderson Li-Hua Ping Oliver Dibben Cassandra B Jabara Leslie Arney Laura Kincer Yuyang Tang Marcia Hobbs Irving Hoffman Peter Kazembe Corbin D Jones Persephone Borrow Susan Fiscus Myron S Cohen Ronald Swanstrom Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology HIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms. |
| description |
HIV-1 is present in anatomical compartments and bodily fluids. Most transmissions occur through sexual acts, making virus in semen the proximal source in male donors. We find three distinct relationships in comparing viral RNA populations between blood and semen in men with chronic HIV-1 infection, and we propose that the viral populations in semen arise by multiple mechanisms including: direct import of virus, oligoclonal amplification within the seminal tract, or compartmentalization. In addition, we find significant enrichment of six out of nineteen cytokines and chemokines in semen of both HIV-infected and uninfected men, and another seven further enriched in infected individuals. The enrichment of cytokines involved in innate immunity in the seminal tract, complemented with chemokines in infected men, creates an environment conducive to T cell activation and viral replication. These studies define different relationships between virus in blood and semen that can significantly alter the composition of the viral population at the source that is most proximal to the transmitted virus. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Jeffrey A Anderson Li-Hua Ping Oliver Dibben Cassandra B Jabara Leslie Arney Laura Kincer Yuyang Tang Marcia Hobbs Irving Hoffman Peter Kazembe Corbin D Jones Persephone Borrow Susan Fiscus Myron S Cohen Ronald Swanstrom Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology |
| author_facet |
Jeffrey A Anderson Li-Hua Ping Oliver Dibben Cassandra B Jabara Leslie Arney Laura Kincer Yuyang Tang Marcia Hobbs Irving Hoffman Peter Kazembe Corbin D Jones Persephone Borrow Susan Fiscus Myron S Cohen Ronald Swanstrom Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology |
| author_sort |
Jeffrey A Anderson |
| title |
HIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms. |
| title_short |
HIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms. |
| title_full |
HIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms. |
| title_fullStr |
HIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
HIV-1 Populations in Semen Arise through Multiple Mechanisms. |
| title_sort |
hiv-1 populations in semen arise through multiple mechanisms. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2010 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/20e08ade5ca94a1a8b9b8cef5a4037c6 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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