Are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.

Many claim that social stimuli are rewarding to primates, but few, if any, studies have explicitly demonstrated their reward value. Here, we examined whether chimpanzees would produce overt responses for the opportunity to view conspecific social, compared to dynamic (video: Experiment 1) and static...

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Autores principales:	Michele M Mulholland, Sarah J Neal Webb, Mary Catherine Mareno, Kenneth G Schweller, Steven J Schapiro, William D Hopkins
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/20e675d79c304954b6e33cc07500b2be
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:20e675d79c304954b6e33cc07500b2be2021-12-02T20:16:08ZAre conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259941https://doaj.org/article/20e675d79c304954b6e33cc07500b2be2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259941https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Many claim that social stimuli are rewarding to primates, but few, if any, studies have explicitly demonstrated their reward value. Here, we examined whether chimpanzees would produce overt responses for the opportunity to view conspecific social, compared to dynamic (video: Experiment 1) and static (picture: Experiment 2) control content. We also explored the relationships between variation in social reward and social behavior and cognition. We provided captive chimpanzees with access to a touchscreen during four, one-hour sessions (two 'conspecific social' and two 'control'). The sessions consisted of ten, 15-second videos (or pictures in Experiment 2) of either chimpanzees engaging in a variety of behaviors (social condition) or vehicles, humans, or other animals engaged in some activity (control condition). For each chimpanzee, we recorded the number of responses to the touchscreen and the frequency of watching the stimuli. Independent t-tests revealed no sex or rearing differences in touching and watching the social or control videos (p>0.05). Repeated measures ANOVAs showed chimpanzees touched and watched the screen significantly more often during the social compared to control video sessions. Furthermore, although chimpanzees did not touch the screen more often during social than control picture sessions in Experiment 2, they did watch the screen more often. Additionally, chimpanzees that previously performed better on a task of social cognition and engaged in more affiliative behavior watched a higher percentage of social videos during the touchscreen task. These results are consistent with the social motivation theory, and indicate social stimuli are intrinsically rewarding, as chimpanzees made more overt responses for the opportunity to view conspecific social, compared to control, content.Michele M MulhollandSarah J Neal WebbMary Catherine MarenoKenneth G SchwellerSteven J SchapiroWilliam D HopkinsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0259941 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michele M Mulholland Sarah J Neal Webb Mary Catherine Mareno Kenneth G Schweller Steven J Schapiro William D Hopkins Are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.
description	Many claim that social stimuli are rewarding to primates, but few, if any, studies have explicitly demonstrated their reward value. Here, we examined whether chimpanzees would produce overt responses for the opportunity to view conspecific social, compared to dynamic (video: Experiment 1) and static (picture: Experiment 2) control content. We also explored the relationships between variation in social reward and social behavior and cognition. We provided captive chimpanzees with access to a touchscreen during four, one-hour sessions (two 'conspecific social' and two 'control'). The sessions consisted of ten, 15-second videos (or pictures in Experiment 2) of either chimpanzees engaging in a variety of behaviors (social condition) or vehicles, humans, or other animals engaged in some activity (control condition). For each chimpanzee, we recorded the number of responses to the touchscreen and the frequency of watching the stimuli. Independent t-tests revealed no sex or rearing differences in touching and watching the social or control videos (p>0.05). Repeated measures ANOVAs showed chimpanzees touched and watched the screen significantly more often during the social compared to control video sessions. Furthermore, although chimpanzees did not touch the screen more often during social than control picture sessions in Experiment 2, they did watch the screen more often. Additionally, chimpanzees that previously performed better on a task of social cognition and engaged in more affiliative behavior watched a higher percentage of social videos during the touchscreen task. These results are consistent with the social motivation theory, and indicate social stimuli are intrinsically rewarding, as chimpanzees made more overt responses for the opportunity to view conspecific social, compared to control, content.
format	article
author	Michele M Mulholland Sarah J Neal Webb Mary Catherine Mareno Kenneth G Schweller Steven J Schapiro William D Hopkins
author_facet	Michele M Mulholland Sarah J Neal Webb Mary Catherine Mareno Kenneth G Schweller Steven J Schapiro William D Hopkins
author_sort	Michele M Mulholland
title	Are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.
title_short	Are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.
title_full	Are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.
title_fullStr	Are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.
title_full_unstemmed	Are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.
title_sort	are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (pan troglodytes)? a test of the social motivation theory.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/20e675d79c304954b6e33cc07500b2be
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Are conspecific social videos rewarding to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? A test of the social motivation theory.

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