Coordinated Regulation of Protoperithecium Development by MAP Kinases MAK-1 and MAK-2 in Neurospora crassa
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways function as signaling hubs that are integral for many essential cellular processes, including sexual development. The molecular mechanisms and cross-talk between PR and CWI MAP kinase pathways have been extensively studied during asexual development. H...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:20e7a7695f044baeb7992b006aeeeee92021-12-01T07:28:38ZCoordinated Regulation of Protoperithecium Development by MAP Kinases MAK-1 and MAK-2 in Neurospora crassa1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.769615https://doaj.org/article/20e7a7695f044baeb7992b006aeeeee92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.769615/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XMitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways function as signaling hubs that are integral for many essential cellular processes, including sexual development. The molecular mechanisms and cross-talk between PR and CWI MAP kinase pathways have been extensively studied during asexual development. However, if these can be extended to sexual development remains elusive. By analyzing genome-wide transcriptional responses to deletion of each of two MAP kinase coding genes mak-2 (PR-MAP kinase pathway) and mak-1 (CWI-MAP kinase pathway) in Neurospora crassa during protoperithecium formation, 430 genes co-regulated by the MAK-1 and MAK-2 proteins were found, functionally enriched at integral components of membrane and oxidoreductase. These genes include 13 functionally known genes participating in sexual development (app, poi-2, stk-17, fsd-1, vsd-8, and NCU03863) and melanin synthesis (per-1, pkh-1, pkh-2, mld-1, scy-1, trn-2, and trn-1), as well as a set of functionally unknown genes. Phenotypic analysis of deletion mutants for the functionally unknown genes revealed that 12 genes were essential for female fertility. Among them, single-gene deletion mutants for NCU07743 (named as pfd-1), NCU02250 (oli), and NCU05948 (named as pfd-2) displayed similar protoperithecium development defects as the Δmak-1 and Δmak-2 mutants, failing to form protoperithecium. Western blotting analysis showed that both phosphorylated and total MAK-1 proteins were virtually abolished in the Δnrc-1, Δmek-2, and Δmak-2 mutants, suggesting that the posttranscriptional regulation of MAK-1 is dependent on the PR-MAP kinase pathway during the protoperithecium development. Taken together, this study revealed the regulatory roles and cross-talk between PR and CWI-MAP kinase pathways during protoperithecium development.Nan LanNan LanShuting YeShuting YeChengcheng HuZhiling ChenJun HuangWei XueWei XueShaojie LiShaojie LiXianyun SunXianyun SunFrontiers Media S.A.articleMAP kinasesexual developmentprotoperitheciumMAK-1MAK-2Neurospora crassaMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
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EN |
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MAP kinase sexual development protoperithecium MAK-1 MAK-2 Neurospora crassa Microbiology QR1-502 |
| spellingShingle |
MAP kinase sexual development protoperithecium MAK-1 MAK-2 Neurospora crassa Microbiology QR1-502 Nan Lan Nan Lan Shuting Ye Shuting Ye Chengcheng Hu Zhiling Chen Jun Huang Wei Xue Wei Xue Shaojie Li Shaojie Li Xianyun Sun Xianyun Sun Coordinated Regulation of Protoperithecium Development by MAP Kinases MAK-1 and MAK-2 in Neurospora crassa |
| description |
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways function as signaling hubs that are integral for many essential cellular processes, including sexual development. The molecular mechanisms and cross-talk between PR and CWI MAP kinase pathways have been extensively studied during asexual development. However, if these can be extended to sexual development remains elusive. By analyzing genome-wide transcriptional responses to deletion of each of two MAP kinase coding genes mak-2 (PR-MAP kinase pathway) and mak-1 (CWI-MAP kinase pathway) in Neurospora crassa during protoperithecium formation, 430 genes co-regulated by the MAK-1 and MAK-2 proteins were found, functionally enriched at integral components of membrane and oxidoreductase. These genes include 13 functionally known genes participating in sexual development (app, poi-2, stk-17, fsd-1, vsd-8, and NCU03863) and melanin synthesis (per-1, pkh-1, pkh-2, mld-1, scy-1, trn-2, and trn-1), as well as a set of functionally unknown genes. Phenotypic analysis of deletion mutants for the functionally unknown genes revealed that 12 genes were essential for female fertility. Among them, single-gene deletion mutants for NCU07743 (named as pfd-1), NCU02250 (oli), and NCU05948 (named as pfd-2) displayed similar protoperithecium development defects as the Δmak-1 and Δmak-2 mutants, failing to form protoperithecium. Western blotting analysis showed that both phosphorylated and total MAK-1 proteins were virtually abolished in the Δnrc-1, Δmek-2, and Δmak-2 mutants, suggesting that the posttranscriptional regulation of MAK-1 is dependent on the PR-MAP kinase pathway during the protoperithecium development. Taken together, this study revealed the regulatory roles and cross-talk between PR and CWI-MAP kinase pathways during protoperithecium development. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Nan Lan Nan Lan Shuting Ye Shuting Ye Chengcheng Hu Zhiling Chen Jun Huang Wei Xue Wei Xue Shaojie Li Shaojie Li Xianyun Sun Xianyun Sun |
| author_facet |
Nan Lan Nan Lan Shuting Ye Shuting Ye Chengcheng Hu Zhiling Chen Jun Huang Wei Xue Wei Xue Shaojie Li Shaojie Li Xianyun Sun Xianyun Sun |
| author_sort |
Nan Lan |
| title |
Coordinated Regulation of Protoperithecium Development by MAP Kinases MAK-1 and MAK-2 in Neurospora crassa |
| title_short |
Coordinated Regulation of Protoperithecium Development by MAP Kinases MAK-1 and MAK-2 in Neurospora crassa |
| title_full |
Coordinated Regulation of Protoperithecium Development by MAP Kinases MAK-1 and MAK-2 in Neurospora crassa |
| title_fullStr |
Coordinated Regulation of Protoperithecium Development by MAP Kinases MAK-1 and MAK-2 in Neurospora crassa |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Coordinated Regulation of Protoperithecium Development by MAP Kinases MAK-1 and MAK-2 in Neurospora crassa |
| title_sort |
coordinated regulation of protoperithecium development by map kinases mak-1 and mak-2 in neurospora crassa |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/20e7a7695f044baeb7992b006aeeeee9 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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