Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints

Intensive tillage-based production systems coupled with inefficient fertilizer management practices have led to increased production costs, sub-optimal productivity, and significant environmental externalities. Conservation agriculture (CA) is being increasingly advocated as a management strategy to...

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Autores principales:	Raj K. Jat, Deepak Bijarniya, Suresh K. Kakraliya, Tek B. Sapkota, Manish Kakraliya, Mangi L. Jat
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	green seeker site-specific nutrient management tillage residue management greenhouse gas emission climate change mitigation Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/215fd89aee514f71a944162be171c143
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:215fd89aee514f71a944162be171c1432021-11-25T16:11:27ZPrecision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints10.3390/agronomy111123202073-4395https://doaj.org/article/215fd89aee514f71a944162be171c1432021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2320https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395Intensive tillage-based production systems coupled with inefficient fertilizer management practices have led to increased production costs, sub-optimal productivity, and significant environmental externalities. Conservation agriculture (CA) is being increasingly advocated as a management strategy to overcome these issues but precision nutrient management under the CA-based maize-wheat system is rarely studied. Two year’s (2014–2015 and 2015–2016) research was conducted at the research farm of BISA, Pusa, Bihar, India to develop precision nutrient management practices for CA-based management in the maize-wheat system. Seven treatment combinations involving (i) tillage (conventional tillage; CT & permanent beds; PB) and (ii) nutrient management rates, application methods (farmers’ fertilizer practices; FFP, state recommended dose of fertilizer; SR and precision nutrient management using Nutrient Expert tool; NE and GreenSeeker; (GS), applied using two methods; broadcasting (B) and drilling (D)) were investigated for multiple parameters. The results showed that NE, NE+GS, and SR-based nutrient management tactics with drilling improved crop yields, nutrient-use efficiency (NUE), and economic profitability relative to NE-broadcasting, SR broadcasting, and FFP broadcasting methods. Maize-wheat system productivity and net returns under NE+GS-drilling on PB were significantly higher by 31.2%, 49.7% compared to FFP-broadcasting method, respectively. Total global warming potential (GWP) was lower in the PB-based maize-wheat system coupled with precision nutrient management compared to CT-based maize-wheat system with FFP. Higher (15.2%) carbon sustainability index (CSI) was recorded with NE-drilling compared to FFP-broadcasting method. Results suggests that PB-based maize-wheat system together with precision nutrient management approaches (NE+GS+drilling) can significantly increase crop yields, NUE, and profitability while reducing the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from maize-wheat systems in eastern Indo Gangetic Plains (IGP).Raj K. JatDeepak BijarniyaSuresh K. KakraliyaTek B. SapkotaManish KakraliyaMangi L. JatMDPI AGarticlegreen seekersite-specific nutrient managementtillageresidue managementgreenhouse gas emissionclimate change mitigationAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2320, p 2320 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	green seeker site-specific nutrient management tillage residue management greenhouse gas emission climate change mitigation Agriculture S
spellingShingle	green seeker site-specific nutrient management tillage residue management greenhouse gas emission climate change mitigation Agriculture S Raj K. Jat Deepak Bijarniya Suresh K. Kakraliya Tek B. Sapkota Manish Kakraliya Mangi L. Jat Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints
description	Intensive tillage-based production systems coupled with inefficient fertilizer management practices have led to increased production costs, sub-optimal productivity, and significant environmental externalities. Conservation agriculture (CA) is being increasingly advocated as a management strategy to overcome these issues but precision nutrient management under the CA-based maize-wheat system is rarely studied. Two year’s (2014–2015 and 2015–2016) research was conducted at the research farm of BISA, Pusa, Bihar, India to develop precision nutrient management practices for CA-based management in the maize-wheat system. Seven treatment combinations involving (i) tillage (conventional tillage; CT & permanent beds; PB) and (ii) nutrient management rates, application methods (farmers’ fertilizer practices; FFP, state recommended dose of fertilizer; SR and precision nutrient management using Nutrient Expert tool; NE and GreenSeeker; (GS), applied using two methods; broadcasting (B) and drilling (D)) were investigated for multiple parameters. The results showed that NE, NE+GS, and SR-based nutrient management tactics with drilling improved crop yields, nutrient-use efficiency (NUE), and economic profitability relative to NE-broadcasting, SR broadcasting, and FFP broadcasting methods. Maize-wheat system productivity and net returns under NE+GS-drilling on PB were significantly higher by 31.2%, 49.7% compared to FFP-broadcasting method, respectively. Total global warming potential (GWP) was lower in the PB-based maize-wheat system coupled with precision nutrient management compared to CT-based maize-wheat system with FFP. Higher (15.2%) carbon sustainability index (CSI) was recorded with NE-drilling compared to FFP-broadcasting method. Results suggests that PB-based maize-wheat system together with precision nutrient management approaches (NE+GS+drilling) can significantly increase crop yields, NUE, and profitability while reducing the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from maize-wheat systems in eastern Indo Gangetic Plains (IGP).
format	article
author	Raj K. Jat Deepak Bijarniya Suresh K. Kakraliya Tek B. Sapkota Manish Kakraliya Mangi L. Jat
author_facet	Raj K. Jat Deepak Bijarniya Suresh K. Kakraliya Tek B. Sapkota Manish Kakraliya Mangi L. Jat
author_sort	Raj K. Jat
title	Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints
title_short	Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints
title_full	Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints
title_fullStr	Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints
title_full_unstemmed	Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints
title_sort	precision nutrient rates and placement in conservation maize-wheat system: effects on crop productivity, profitability, nutrient-use efficiency, and environmental footprints
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/215fd89aee514f71a944162be171c143
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Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints

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