Mycobiota and Mycotoxin Contamination of Traditional and Industrial Dry-Fermented Sausage <i>Kulen</i>
The aim of this study was to identify and compare surface mycobiota of traditional and industrial Croatian dry-fermented sausage <i>Kulen</i>, especially toxicogenic species, and to detect contamination with mycotoxins recognized as the most important for meat products. Identification of...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/216fb3a161b04b66a5cc04084c7b9f0f |
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| Sumario: | The aim of this study was to identify and compare surface mycobiota of traditional and industrial Croatian dry-fermented sausage <i>Kulen</i>, especially toxicogenic species, and to detect contamination with mycotoxins recognized as the most important for meat products. Identification of mould species was performed by sequence analysis of beta- tubulin and calmodulin gene, while the determination of mycotoxins aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), ochratoxin A (OTA), and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) was carried out using the LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) method. The results showed a significantly higher number of mould isolates and greater species (including of those mycotoxigenic) diversity in traditional <i>Kulen</i> samples in comparison with the industrial ones. <i>P. commune</i>, as a potential CPA-producer, was the most represented in traditional <i>Kulen</i> (19.0%), followed by <i>P. solitum</i> (16.6%), which was the most represented in industrial <i>Kulen</i> samples (23.8%). The results also showed that 69% of the traditional sausage samples were contaminated with either CPA or OTA in concentrations of up to 13.35 µg/kg and 6.95 µg/kg, respectively, while in the industrial samples only OTA was detected (in a single sample in the concentration of 0.42 µg/kg). Mycotoxin AFB<sub>1</sub> and its producers were not detected in any of the analysed samples (<LOD). |
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