AGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) result from a non-enzymatic reaction of proteins with reactive carbohydrates. Heat-processed food, such as bread, contains high amounts of AGEs. The activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by bread crust extract (BCE) is well understood. However, it is largel...

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Autores principales:	Kristin Wächter, Alexander Navarrete Santos, Anne Großkopf, Tim Baldensperger, Marcus A. Glomb, Gábor Szabó, Andreas Simm
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	advanced glycation end products bread crust extract NRF2 oxidative stress resistance functional food cardioprotection Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2185f497d7d745a28d13770b974f9508
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:2185f497d7d745a28d13770b974f9508
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2185f497d7d745a28d13770b974f95082021-11-25T18:34:51ZAGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway10.3390/nu131138742072-6643https://doaj.org/article/2185f497d7d745a28d13770b974f95082021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3874https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) result from a non-enzymatic reaction of proteins with reactive carbohydrates. Heat-processed food, such as bread, contains high amounts of AGEs. The activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by bread crust extract (BCE) is well understood. However, it is largely unknown whether NRF2, the master regulator of oxidative stress resistance in mammalian cells, is affected by BCE. We have investigated the molecular mechanisms by which BCE induces antioxidant gene expression in cellular models. Our data showed that soluble extracts from bread crust are capable of stimulating the NRF2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, NRF2 pathway activation was confirmed by microarray and reporter-cell analyses. QRT-PCR measurements and Western blot analyses indicated an induction of antioxidative genes such as HMOX1, GCLM and NQO1 upon BCE treatment. Moreover, BCE pretreated cells had a survival advantage compared to control cells when exposed to oxidative stress. BCE induces phosphorylation of AKT and ERK kinase in EA.hy926 cells. By mass spectrometry, several new, potentially active modifications in BCE were identified. Our findings indicate that BCE activates NRF2-dependent antioxidant gene expression, thus provoking a protection mechanism against oxidative stress-mediated tissue injury. Hence, BCE can be considered as functional food with antioxidative and cardioprotective potential.Kristin WächterAlexander Navarrete SantosAnne GroßkopfTim BaldenspergerMarcus A. GlombGábor SzabóAndreas SimmMDPI AGarticleadvanced glycation end productsbread crust extractNRF2oxidative stress resistancefunctional foodcardioprotectionNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3874, p 3874 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	advanced glycation end products bread crust extract NRF2 oxidative stress resistance functional food cardioprotection Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	advanced glycation end products bread crust extract NRF2 oxidative stress resistance functional food cardioprotection Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Kristin Wächter Alexander Navarrete Santos Anne Großkopf Tim Baldensperger Marcus A. Glomb Gábor Szabó Andreas Simm AGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway
description	Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) result from a non-enzymatic reaction of proteins with reactive carbohydrates. Heat-processed food, such as bread, contains high amounts of AGEs. The activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by bread crust extract (BCE) is well understood. However, it is largely unknown whether NRF2, the master regulator of oxidative stress resistance in mammalian cells, is affected by BCE. We have investigated the molecular mechanisms by which BCE induces antioxidant gene expression in cellular models. Our data showed that soluble extracts from bread crust are capable of stimulating the NRF2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, NRF2 pathway activation was confirmed by microarray and reporter-cell analyses. QRT-PCR measurements and Western blot analyses indicated an induction of antioxidative genes such as HMOX1, GCLM and NQO1 upon BCE treatment. Moreover, BCE pretreated cells had a survival advantage compared to control cells when exposed to oxidative stress. BCE induces phosphorylation of AKT and ERK kinase in EA.hy926 cells. By mass spectrometry, several new, potentially active modifications in BCE were identified. Our findings indicate that BCE activates NRF2-dependent antioxidant gene expression, thus provoking a protection mechanism against oxidative stress-mediated tissue injury. Hence, BCE can be considered as functional food with antioxidative and cardioprotective potential.
format	article
author	Kristin Wächter Alexander Navarrete Santos Anne Großkopf Tim Baldensperger Marcus A. Glomb Gábor Szabó Andreas Simm
author_facet	Kristin Wächter Alexander Navarrete Santos Anne Großkopf Tim Baldensperger Marcus A. Glomb Gábor Szabó Andreas Simm
author_sort	Kristin Wächter
title	AGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway
title_short	AGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway
title_full	AGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway
title_fullStr	AGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway
title_full_unstemmed	AGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway
title_sort	age-rich bread crust extract boosts oxidative stress interception via stimulation of the nrf2 pathway
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2185f497d7d745a28d13770b974f9508
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AGE-Rich Bread Crust Extract Boosts Oxidative Stress Interception via Stimulation of the NRF2 Pathway

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