Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Soybean Cultivation Fertilized with Biochar from Various Utility Plants
Organic matter is an indispensable element of soil. Its quantity and quality affect its properties, e.g., structure, buffering, sorption capacity, air–water relations, and thermal properties. The purpose of the research was to assess greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in soybean cultivation, fertilized...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:21b2e333f753463c823be2cc5969e4f82021-11-25T16:07:24ZAssessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Soybean Cultivation Fertilized with Biochar from Various Utility Plants10.3390/agronomy111122242073-4395https://doaj.org/article/21b2e333f753463c823be2cc5969e4f82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2224https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395Organic matter is an indispensable element of soil. Its quantity and quality affect its properties, e.g., structure, buffering, sorption capacity, air–water relations, and thermal properties. The purpose of the research was to assess greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in soybean cultivation, fertilized with biochar from various crops. Two experimental factors were included: the dose of biochar and the type of biochar used as per raw material used in its production. The adopted functional unit was 1 ton of soybeans. To reach the adopted goal, a strict field experiment was carried out. The total amount of GHG emitted by the cultivation was calculated according to the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards. The system boundaries included: GHG emissions from fertilizers and seeds used, GHG emissions related to biochar production, emissions related to fossil fuel combustion, and emissions related to the decomposition of crop residues and soil organic matter and the decomposition of biochar. The results of the research indicate a significant potential of biochar to reduce GHG emissions in agricultural production. From the environmental and production perspective, the addition of biochar at 60 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup> is the most advantageous. A further increase in the addition of biochar was related to a decrease in plant yield and an increase in GHG emissions per functional unit of the product. The use of biochar in soybean cultivation resulted in a 25% reduction in GHG emissions compared to the object without the biochar addition. The amount of GHG emissions for soybeans ranged from 846.9 to 1260.1 kg of CO<sub>2</sub>/Mg. The use of biochar from forest biomass resulted in a higher yield, 12% on average, compared to sunflower husk biochar. The introduction of biochar to soils can be an effective improvement in the economic and environmental efficiency of plant production, as it increases the use of nutrients by the plant and intensifies carbon sequestration in soils.Maciej KubońMarcin NiemiecAgnieszka Klimek-KopyraMaciej GliniakJakub SikoraUrszula SadowskaAgnieszka Ewa LatawiecRafał KobyłeckiRobert ZarzyckiAndrzej KacprzakMichał WichlińskiMDPI AGarticlegreenhouse gas emissionsoybean cultivationbiocharfertilizationAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2224, p 2224 (2021) |
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| topic |
greenhouse gas emission soybean cultivation biochar fertilization Agriculture S |
| spellingShingle |
greenhouse gas emission soybean cultivation biochar fertilization Agriculture S Maciej Kuboń Marcin Niemiec Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra Maciej Gliniak Jakub Sikora Urszula Sadowska Agnieszka Ewa Latawiec Rafał Kobyłecki Robert Zarzycki Andrzej Kacprzak Michał Wichliński Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Soybean Cultivation Fertilized with Biochar from Various Utility Plants |
| description |
Organic matter is an indispensable element of soil. Its quantity and quality affect its properties, e.g., structure, buffering, sorption capacity, air–water relations, and thermal properties. The purpose of the research was to assess greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in soybean cultivation, fertilized with biochar from various crops. Two experimental factors were included: the dose of biochar and the type of biochar used as per raw material used in its production. The adopted functional unit was 1 ton of soybeans. To reach the adopted goal, a strict field experiment was carried out. The total amount of GHG emitted by the cultivation was calculated according to the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards. The system boundaries included: GHG emissions from fertilizers and seeds used, GHG emissions related to biochar production, emissions related to fossil fuel combustion, and emissions related to the decomposition of crop residues and soil organic matter and the decomposition of biochar. The results of the research indicate a significant potential of biochar to reduce GHG emissions in agricultural production. From the environmental and production perspective, the addition of biochar at 60 Mg ha<sup>−1</sup> is the most advantageous. A further increase in the addition of biochar was related to a decrease in plant yield and an increase in GHG emissions per functional unit of the product. The use of biochar in soybean cultivation resulted in a 25% reduction in GHG emissions compared to the object without the biochar addition. The amount of GHG emissions for soybeans ranged from 846.9 to 1260.1 kg of CO<sub>2</sub>/Mg. The use of biochar from forest biomass resulted in a higher yield, 12% on average, compared to sunflower husk biochar. The introduction of biochar to soils can be an effective improvement in the economic and environmental efficiency of plant production, as it increases the use of nutrients by the plant and intensifies carbon sequestration in soils. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Maciej Kuboń Marcin Niemiec Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra Maciej Gliniak Jakub Sikora Urszula Sadowska Agnieszka Ewa Latawiec Rafał Kobyłecki Robert Zarzycki Andrzej Kacprzak Michał Wichliński |
| author_facet |
Maciej Kuboń Marcin Niemiec Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra Maciej Gliniak Jakub Sikora Urszula Sadowska Agnieszka Ewa Latawiec Rafał Kobyłecki Robert Zarzycki Andrzej Kacprzak Michał Wichliński |
| author_sort |
Maciej Kuboń |
| title |
Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Soybean Cultivation Fertilized with Biochar from Various Utility Plants |
| title_short |
Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Soybean Cultivation Fertilized with Biochar from Various Utility Plants |
| title_full |
Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Soybean Cultivation Fertilized with Biochar from Various Utility Plants |
| title_fullStr |
Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Soybean Cultivation Fertilized with Biochar from Various Utility Plants |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Soybean Cultivation Fertilized with Biochar from Various Utility Plants |
| title_sort |
assessment of greenhouse gas emissions in soybean cultivation fertilized with biochar from various utility plants |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/21b2e333f753463c823be2cc5969e4f8 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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