Yin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

Within the last 60 years, microbiological research has challenged many dogmas such as bacteria being unicellular microorganisms directed by nutrient sources; these investigations produced new dogmas such as cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (cyclic di-GMP) second messenger signaling as a ubiquitous r...

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Autores principales:	Agaristi Lamprokostopoulou, Ute Römling
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Karger Publishers 2021
Materias:	cyclic diguanylate monophosphate salmonella typhimurium biofilm formation virulence immune response Medicine R Internal medicine RC31-1245
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/21bf1648357b4dd5ba074253d8429b7f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:21bf1648357b4dd5ba074253d8429b7f2021-12-02T12:40:22ZYin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium1662-811X1662-812810.1159/000519573https://doaj.org/article/21bf1648357b4dd5ba074253d8429b7f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/519573https://doaj.org/toc/1662-811Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-8128Within the last 60 years, microbiological research has challenged many dogmas such as bacteria being unicellular microorganisms directed by nutrient sources; these investigations produced new dogmas such as cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (cyclic di-GMP) second messenger signaling as a ubiquitous regulator of the fundamental sessility/motility lifestyle switch on the single-cell level. Successive investigations have not yet challenged this view; however, the complexity of cyclic di-GMP as an intracellular bacterial signal, and, less explored, as an extracellular signaling molecule in combination with the conformational flexibility of the molecule, provides endless opportunities for cross-kingdom interactions. Cyclic di-GMP-directed microbial biofilms commonly stimulate the immune system on a lower level, whereas host-sensed cyclic di-GMP broadly stimulates the innate and adaptive immune responses. Furthermore, while the intracellular second messenger cyclic di-GMP signaling promotes bacterial biofilm formation and chronic infections, oppositely, Salmonella Typhimurium cellulose biofilm inside immune cells is not endorsed. These observations only touch on the complexity of the interaction of biofilm microbial cells with its host. In this review, we describe the Yin and Yang interactive concepts of biofilm formation and cyclic di-GMP signaling using S. Typhimurium as an example.Agaristi LamprokostopoulouUte RömlingKarger Publishersarticlecyclic diguanylate monophosphatesalmonella typhimuriumbiofilm formationvirulenceimmune responseMedicineRInternal medicineRC31-1245ENJournal of Innate Immunity, Pp 1-18 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cyclic diguanylate monophosphate salmonella typhimurium biofilm formation virulence immune response Medicine R Internal medicine RC31-1245
spellingShingle	cyclic diguanylate monophosphate salmonella typhimurium biofilm formation virulence immune response Medicine R Internal medicine RC31-1245 Agaristi Lamprokostopoulou Ute Römling Yin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
description	Within the last 60 years, microbiological research has challenged many dogmas such as bacteria being unicellular microorganisms directed by nutrient sources; these investigations produced new dogmas such as cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (cyclic di-GMP) second messenger signaling as a ubiquitous regulator of the fundamental sessility/motility lifestyle switch on the single-cell level. Successive investigations have not yet challenged this view; however, the complexity of cyclic di-GMP as an intracellular bacterial signal, and, less explored, as an extracellular signaling molecule in combination with the conformational flexibility of the molecule, provides endless opportunities for cross-kingdom interactions. Cyclic di-GMP-directed microbial biofilms commonly stimulate the immune system on a lower level, whereas host-sensed cyclic di-GMP broadly stimulates the innate and adaptive immune responses. Furthermore, while the intracellular second messenger cyclic di-GMP signaling promotes bacterial biofilm formation and chronic infections, oppositely, Salmonella Typhimurium cellulose biofilm inside immune cells is not endorsed. These observations only touch on the complexity of the interaction of biofilm microbial cells with its host. In this review, we describe the Yin and Yang interactive concepts of biofilm formation and cyclic di-GMP signaling using S. Typhimurium as an example.
format	article
author	Agaristi Lamprokostopoulou Ute Römling
author_facet	Agaristi Lamprokostopoulou Ute Römling
author_sort	Agaristi Lamprokostopoulou
title	Yin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
title_short	Yin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
title_full	Yin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
title_fullStr	Yin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
title_full_unstemmed	Yin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
title_sort	yin and yang of biofilm formation and cyclic di-gmp signaling of the gastrointestinal pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium
publisher	Karger Publishers
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/21bf1648357b4dd5ba074253d8429b7f
work_keys_str_mv	AT agaristilamprokostopoulou yinandyangofbiofilmformationandcyclicdigmpsignalingofthegastrointestinalpathogensalmonellaentericaserovartyphimurium AT uteromling yinandyangofbiofilmformationandcyclicdigmpsignalingofthegastrointestinalpathogensalmonellaentericaserovartyphimurium
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Yin and Yang of Biofilm Formation and Cyclic di-GMP Signaling of the Gastrointestinal Pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

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