Deep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST

Deep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST

Together with <i>sickle</i> (<i>skl</i>), the <i>Drosophila</i> paralogs <i>reaper</i> (<i>rpr</i>), <i>head involution defective</i> (<i>hid</i>), and <i>grim</i> (RHG) control a critical switch in the i...

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Autor principal: Markus Friedrich
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
<i>hid</i>
apoptosis
programmed cell death
<i>Drosophila</i>
Tenebrionidae
pea aphid
Science
Q
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/21dd6ccd04164d15ab25d66c7f4efa29
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:21dd6ccd04164d15ab25d66c7f4efa292021-11-25T17:59:03ZDeep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST10.3390/insects121109572075-4450https://doaj.org/article/21dd6ccd04164d15ab25d66c7f4efa292021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/11/957https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4450Together with <i>sickle</i> (<i>skl</i>), the <i>Drosophila</i> paralogs <i>reaper</i> (<i>rpr</i>), <i>head involution defective</i> (<i>hid</i>), and <i>grim</i> (RHG) control a critical switch in the induction of programmed cell death. RHG homologs have been identified in other dipteran and lepidopteran species but not beyond. Revisiting this issue with a “taxon hopping” BLAST search strategy in current genome and transcriptome resources, I detected high confidence RHG homologs in Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, and Dictyoptera. Analyses of gene structure and protein sequence conservation revealed aconserved splicing pattern and highly conserved amino acid residues at both the N- and C-terminal ends that identify <i>hid</i> as the most ancestrally organized RHG gene family member in <i>Drosophila</i>. <i>hid</i>-like RHG homologs were also detected in mosquitoes, redefining their <i>michelob_x</i> (<i>mx</i>) genes as an expansion of derived RHG homologs. Only singleton homologs were detected in the large majority of other insect clades. Lepidopteran RHG homologs, however, stand out by producing an evolutionarily-derived splice isoform, identified in previous work, in addition to the newly detected <i>hid</i>-like isoform. Exceptional sequence diversification of select RHG homologs at the family- and genus-level explain their previous elusiveness in important insect genome model species like the red flour beetle <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> and the pea aphid <i>Acyrthosiphon pisum</i>. Combined, these findings expand the minimal age of the RHG gene family by about 100 million years and open new avenues for molecular cell death studies in insects.Markus FriedrichMDPI AGarticle<i>hid</i>apoptosisprogrammed cell death<i>Drosophila</i>Tenebrionidaepea aphidScienceQENInsects, Vol 12, Iss 957, p 957 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic <i>hid</i>
apoptosis
programmed cell death
<i>Drosophila</i>
Tenebrionidae
pea aphid
Science
Q
spellingShingle <i>hid</i>
apoptosis
programmed cell death
<i>Drosophila</i>
Tenebrionidae
pea aphid
Science
Q
Markus Friedrich
Deep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST
description Together with <i>sickle</i> (<i>skl</i>), the <i>Drosophila</i> paralogs <i>reaper</i> (<i>rpr</i>), <i>head involution defective</i> (<i>hid</i>), and <i>grim</i> (RHG) control a critical switch in the induction of programmed cell death. RHG homologs have been identified in other dipteran and lepidopteran species but not beyond. Revisiting this issue with a “taxon hopping” BLAST search strategy in current genome and transcriptome resources, I detected high confidence RHG homologs in Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, and Dictyoptera. Analyses of gene structure and protein sequence conservation revealed aconserved splicing pattern and highly conserved amino acid residues at both the N- and C-terminal ends that identify <i>hid</i> as the most ancestrally organized RHG gene family member in <i>Drosophila</i>. <i>hid</i>-like RHG homologs were also detected in mosquitoes, redefining their <i>michelob_x</i> (<i>mx</i>) genes as an expansion of derived RHG homologs. Only singleton homologs were detected in the large majority of other insect clades. Lepidopteran RHG homologs, however, stand out by producing an evolutionarily-derived splice isoform, identified in previous work, in addition to the newly detected <i>hid</i>-like isoform. Exceptional sequence diversification of select RHG homologs at the family- and genus-level explain their previous elusiveness in important insect genome model species like the red flour beetle <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> and the pea aphid <i>Acyrthosiphon pisum</i>. Combined, these findings expand the minimal age of the RHG gene family by about 100 million years and open new avenues for molecular cell death studies in insects.
format article
author Markus Friedrich
author_facet Markus Friedrich
author_sort Markus Friedrich
title Deep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST
title_short Deep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST
title_full Deep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST
title_fullStr Deep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST
title_full_unstemmed Deep Conservation of <i>Hid</i>-Like RHG Gene Family Homologs in Winged Insects Revealed by “Taxon Hopping” BLAST
title_sort deep conservation of <i>hid</i>-like rhg gene family homologs in winged insects revealed by “taxon hopping” blast
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/21dd6ccd04164d15ab25d66c7f4efa29
work_keys_str_mv AT markusfriedrich deepconservationofihidilikerhggenefamilyhomologsinwingedinsectsrevealedbytaxonhoppingblast
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