The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women, however traditional therapies have several side effects. This has led to an urgent need to explore novel drug approaches to treatment strategies such as graphene-based nanomaterials such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO). It was noticed as a...

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Autores principales:	Rafał Krętowski, Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć, Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	apoptosis breast cancer oxidative stress proliferation rGO Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/221405000f664bd182c15b9e8d1e0b8e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:221405000f664bd182c15b9e8d1e0b8e2021-11-25T17:58:09ZThe Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines10.3390/ijms2222125931422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/221405000f664bd182c15b9e8d1e0b8e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12593https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women, however traditional therapies have several side effects. This has led to an urgent need to explore novel drug approaches to treatment strategies such as graphene-based nanomaterials such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO). It was noticed as a potential drug due to its target selectivity, easy functionalisation, chemisensitisation, and high drug-loading capacity. rGO is widely used in many fields, including biological and biomedical, due to its unique physicochemical properties. However, the possible mechanisms of rGO toxicity remain unclear. In this paper, we present findings on the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of rGO and its ability to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis of breast cancer cell lines. We indicate that rGO induced time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 cell lines, but not in T-47D, MCF-7, Hs 578T cell lines. In rGO-treated MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 cell lines, we noticed increased induction of apoptosis and necrosis. In addition, rGO has been found to cause oxidative stress, reduce proliferation, and induce structural changes in breast cancer cells. Taken together, these studies provide new insight into the mechanism of oxidative stress and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.Rafał KrętowskiAgata Jabłońska-TrypućMarzanna Cechowska-PaskoMDPI AGarticleapoptosisbreast canceroxidative stressproliferationrGOBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12593, p 12593 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	apoptosis breast cancer oxidative stress proliferation rGO Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	apoptosis breast cancer oxidative stress proliferation rGO Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Rafał Krętowski Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
description	Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women, however traditional therapies have several side effects. This has led to an urgent need to explore novel drug approaches to treatment strategies such as graphene-based nanomaterials such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO). It was noticed as a potential drug due to its target selectivity, easy functionalisation, chemisensitisation, and high drug-loading capacity. rGO is widely used in many fields, including biological and biomedical, due to its unique physicochemical properties. However, the possible mechanisms of rGO toxicity remain unclear. In this paper, we present findings on the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of rGO and its ability to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis of breast cancer cell lines. We indicate that rGO induced time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 cell lines, but not in T-47D, MCF-7, Hs 578T cell lines. In rGO-treated MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 cell lines, we noticed increased induction of apoptosis and necrosis. In addition, rGO has been found to cause oxidative stress, reduce proliferation, and induce structural changes in breast cancer cells. Taken together, these studies provide new insight into the mechanism of oxidative stress and apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
format	article
author	Rafał Krętowski Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko
author_facet	Rafał Krętowski Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko
author_sort	Rafał Krętowski
title	The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
title_short	The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
title_full	The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
title_fullStr	The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
title_full_unstemmed	The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
title_sort	preliminary study on the proapoptotic effect of reduced graphene oxide in breast cancer cell lines
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/221405000f664bd182c15b9e8d1e0b8e
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The Preliminary Study on the Proapoptotic Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

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