The dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.

<h4>Background</h4>Natural immunity to Plasmodium falciparum has been widely studied, but its effects on parasite dynamics are poorly understood. Acquisition and clearance rates of untreated infections are key elements of the dynamics of malaria, but estimating these parameters is challe...

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Autores principales:	Ingrid Felger, Martin Maire, Michael T Bretscher, Nicole Falk, André Tiaden, Wilson Sama, Hans-Peter Beck, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Thomas A Smith
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2262eb19dad349eea249ffefa1e12caf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2262eb19dad349eea249ffefa1e12caf2021-11-18T07:05:06ZThe dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0045542https://doaj.org/article/2262eb19dad349eea249ffefa1e12caf2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23029082/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Natural immunity to Plasmodium falciparum has been widely studied, but its effects on parasite dynamics are poorly understood. Acquisition and clearance rates of untreated infections are key elements of the dynamics of malaria, but estimating these parameters is challenging because of frequent super-infection and imperfect detectability of parasites. Consequently, information on effects of host immune status or age on infection dynamics is fragmentary.<h4>Methods</h4>An age-stratified cohort of 347 individuals from Northern Ghana was sampled six times at 2 month intervals. High-throughput capillary electrophoresis was used to genotype the msp-2 locus of all P. falciparum infections detected by PCR. Force of infection (FOI) and duration were estimated for each age group using an immigration-death model that allows for imperfect detection of circulating parasites.<h4>Results</h4>Allowing for imperfect detection substantially increased estimates of FOI and duration. Effects of naturally acquired immunity on the FOI and duration would be reflected in age dependence in these indices, but in our cohort data FOI tended to increase with age in children. Persistence of individual parasite clones was characteristic of all age-groups. Duration peaked in 5-9 year old children (average duration 319 days, 95% confidence interval 318;320).<h4>Conclusions</h4>The main age-dependence is on parasite densities, with only small age-variations in the FOI and persistence of infections. This supports the hypothesis that acquired immunity controls transmission mainly by limiting blood-stage parasite densities rather than changing rates of acquisition or clearance of infections.Ingrid FelgerMartin MaireMichael T BretscherNicole FalkAndré TiadenWilson SamaHans-Peter BeckSeth Owusu-AgyeiThomas A SmithPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 9, p e45542 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ingrid Felger Martin Maire Michael T Bretscher Nicole Falk André Tiaden Wilson Sama Hans-Peter Beck Seth Owusu-Agyei Thomas A Smith The dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Natural immunity to Plasmodium falciparum has been widely studied, but its effects on parasite dynamics are poorly understood. Acquisition and clearance rates of untreated infections are key elements of the dynamics of malaria, but estimating these parameters is challenging because of frequent super-infection and imperfect detectability of parasites. Consequently, information on effects of host immune status or age on infection dynamics is fragmentary.<h4>Methods</h4>An age-stratified cohort of 347 individuals from Northern Ghana was sampled six times at 2 month intervals. High-throughput capillary electrophoresis was used to genotype the msp-2 locus of all P. falciparum infections detected by PCR. Force of infection (FOI) and duration were estimated for each age group using an immigration-death model that allows for imperfect detection of circulating parasites.<h4>Results</h4>Allowing for imperfect detection substantially increased estimates of FOI and duration. Effects of naturally acquired immunity on the FOI and duration would be reflected in age dependence in these indices, but in our cohort data FOI tended to increase with age in children. Persistence of individual parasite clones was characteristic of all age-groups. Duration peaked in 5-9 year old children (average duration 319 days, 95% confidence interval 318;320).<h4>Conclusions</h4>The main age-dependence is on parasite densities, with only small age-variations in the FOI and persistence of infections. This supports the hypothesis that acquired immunity controls transmission mainly by limiting blood-stage parasite densities rather than changing rates of acquisition or clearance of infections.
format	article
author	Ingrid Felger Martin Maire Michael T Bretscher Nicole Falk André Tiaden Wilson Sama Hans-Peter Beck Seth Owusu-Agyei Thomas A Smith
author_facet	Ingrid Felger Martin Maire Michael T Bretscher Nicole Falk André Tiaden Wilson Sama Hans-Peter Beck Seth Owusu-Agyei Thomas A Smith
author_sort	Ingrid Felger
title	The dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.
title_short	The dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.
title_full	The dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.
title_fullStr	The dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.
title_full_unstemmed	The dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.
title_sort	dynamics of natural plasmodium falciparum infections.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/2262eb19dad349eea249ffefa1e12caf
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The dynamics of natural Plasmodium falciparum infections.

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