Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics

Abstract Human skin is populated by various microorganisms, the so-called microbiota, such as bacteria, viruses, yeasts, fungi, and archaea. The skin microbiota is in constant contact with the surrounding environment which can alter its eubiotic state. Recently it has been also observed that the app...

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Autores principales:	Daniela Pinto, Tiziana Ciardiello, Matteo Franzoni, Francesca Pasini, Giammaria Giuliani, Fabio Rinaldi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/229debd3f46d4cb4bed836ccf281a595
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:229debd3f46d4cb4bed836ccf281a5952021-12-02T18:27:48ZEffect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics10.1038/s41598-021-88072-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/229debd3f46d4cb4bed836ccf281a5952021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88072-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Human skin is populated by various microorganisms, the so-called microbiota, such as bacteria, viruses, yeasts, fungi, and archaea. The skin microbiota is in constant contact with the surrounding environment which can alter its eubiotic state. Recently it has been also observed that the application of cosmetic products can alter the balance of the skin microbiota. This effect may be attributed to many factors including the residual activity of the preservatives on the skin. In the present work, we studied the effect of eleven preservatives commonly found in cosmetic products on Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro using 3D skin models and culture-dependent methods. Also, the effect on Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has been investigated. Among tested combinations, three resulted as the best suitable for restoring a pre-existing dysbiosis since they act moderately inhibiting C. acnes and strongly S. aureus without simultaneously inhibiting the growth of S. epidermidis. The other four combinations resulted as the best suitable for use in topical products for skin and scalp in which it is necessary to preserve the eubiosis of the microbiota. Some of the tested were also able to increase HDAC3 expression. Taking together these data highlight the role of preservatives of skin resident microflora dynamics and could provide a reference for correctly choice preservatives and dosage in cosmetic formulations to preserve or restore homeostasis of skin microbiota.Daniela PintoTiziana CiardielloMatteo FranzoniFrancesca PasiniGiammaria GiulianiFabio RinaldiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Daniela Pinto Tiziana Ciardiello Matteo Franzoni Francesca Pasini Giammaria Giuliani Fabio Rinaldi Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics
description	Abstract Human skin is populated by various microorganisms, the so-called microbiota, such as bacteria, viruses, yeasts, fungi, and archaea. The skin microbiota is in constant contact with the surrounding environment which can alter its eubiotic state. Recently it has been also observed that the application of cosmetic products can alter the balance of the skin microbiota. This effect may be attributed to many factors including the residual activity of the preservatives on the skin. In the present work, we studied the effect of eleven preservatives commonly found in cosmetic products on Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro using 3D skin models and culture-dependent methods. Also, the effect on Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has been investigated. Among tested combinations, three resulted as the best suitable for restoring a pre-existing dysbiosis since they act moderately inhibiting C. acnes and strongly S. aureus without simultaneously inhibiting the growth of S. epidermidis. The other four combinations resulted as the best suitable for use in topical products for skin and scalp in which it is necessary to preserve the eubiosis of the microbiota. Some of the tested were also able to increase HDAC3 expression. Taking together these data highlight the role of preservatives of skin resident microflora dynamics and could provide a reference for correctly choice preservatives and dosage in cosmetic formulations to preserve or restore homeostasis of skin microbiota.
format	article
author	Daniela Pinto Tiziana Ciardiello Matteo Franzoni Francesca Pasini Giammaria Giuliani Fabio Rinaldi
author_facet	Daniela Pinto Tiziana Ciardiello Matteo Franzoni Francesca Pasini Giammaria Giuliani Fabio Rinaldi
author_sort	Daniela Pinto
title	Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics
title_short	Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics
title_full	Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics
title_fullStr	Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics
title_sort	effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/229debd3f46d4cb4bed836ccf281a595
work_keys_str_mv	AT danielapinto effectofcommonlyusedcosmeticpreservativesonskinresidentmicrofloradynamics AT tizianaciardiello effectofcommonlyusedcosmeticpreservativesonskinresidentmicrofloradynamics AT matteofranzoni effectofcommonlyusedcosmeticpreservativesonskinresidentmicrofloradynamics AT francescapasini effectofcommonlyusedcosmeticpreservativesonskinresidentmicrofloradynamics AT giammariagiuliani effectofcommonlyusedcosmeticpreservativesonskinresidentmicrofloradynamics AT fabiorinaldi effectofcommonlyusedcosmeticpreservativesonskinresidentmicrofloradynamics
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Effect of commonly used cosmetic preservatives on skin resident microflora dynamics

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