Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco

Abstract Light-blue barite from Jebel Ouichane in Morocco forms blade-like tabular crystals (up to ca. 10 cm) with superb transparency and lustre and represents one of the most spectacular gem-quality worldwide. The barite is hosted by iron-ore-bearing skarns, developed within Jurassic-Cretaceous li...

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Autores principales:	Magdalena Dumańska-Słowik, Beata Naglik, Tomasz Toboła, Tomasz Powolny, Miłosz Huber, Stanislava Milovska, Natalia Dobosz, Kamil Guzik, Aleksandra Wesełucha-Birczyńska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/229e18fd78dc4eb393020288ce749012
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:229e18fd78dc4eb393020288ce7490122021-12-02T15:42:59ZOrigin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco10.1038/s41598-021-89692-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/229e18fd78dc4eb393020288ce7490122021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89692-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Light-blue barite from Jebel Ouichane in Morocco forms blade-like tabular crystals (up to ca. 10 cm) with superb transparency and lustre and represents one of the most spectacular gem-quality worldwide. The barite is hosted by iron-ore-bearing skarns, developed within Jurassic-Cretaceous limestones, and occurs in close spatial association with calcite. The crystals have their cores enriched in Sr and contain abundant monophase (liquid) fluid inclusions of primary and pseudosecondary origin. The barite probably precipitated slowly at a relatively low supersaturation and under the control of a surface reaction precipitation mechanism. However, there were some episodes during its formation with a fast growth rate and the coupled dissolution and recrystallization processes. A combination of fluid inclusion data and stable δ 18O value for barite (+ 6.71‰ VSMOW) suggests that low-salinity barite-forming solutions resulted from the mixing of strongly-diluted meteoric waters (enriched in light oxygen isotope) with magmatic-hydrothermal fluids under low-temperature conditions (< 100 °C). Meanwhile, the mineralizing fluids must have been enriched in Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, and other elements derived from the alteration of carbonate and silicate minerals in sedimentary and igneous rocks. The coupling between sulphur and oxygen isotope data (+ 16.39‰ VCDT and + 6.71‰ VSMOW, respectively) further suggests that barite crystallized in steam-heated environment, where SO4 2- derived from magmatic-hydrothermal SO2 reacted with sulphates that originate from the oxidation of H2S under near-surface conditions.Magdalena Dumańska-SłowikBeata NaglikTomasz TobołaTomasz PowolnyMiłosz HuberStanislava MilovskaNatalia DoboszKamil GuzikAleksandra Wesełucha-BirczyńskaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Magdalena Dumańska-Słowik Beata Naglik Tomasz Toboła Tomasz Powolny Miłosz Huber Stanislava Milovska Natalia Dobosz Kamil Guzik Aleksandra Wesełucha-Birczyńska Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco
description	Abstract Light-blue barite from Jebel Ouichane in Morocco forms blade-like tabular crystals (up to ca. 10 cm) with superb transparency and lustre and represents one of the most spectacular gem-quality worldwide. The barite is hosted by iron-ore-bearing skarns, developed within Jurassic-Cretaceous limestones, and occurs in close spatial association with calcite. The crystals have their cores enriched in Sr and contain abundant monophase (liquid) fluid inclusions of primary and pseudosecondary origin. The barite probably precipitated slowly at a relatively low supersaturation and under the control of a surface reaction precipitation mechanism. However, there were some episodes during its formation with a fast growth rate and the coupled dissolution and recrystallization processes. A combination of fluid inclusion data and stable δ 18O value for barite (+ 6.71‰ VSMOW) suggests that low-salinity barite-forming solutions resulted from the mixing of strongly-diluted meteoric waters (enriched in light oxygen isotope) with magmatic-hydrothermal fluids under low-temperature conditions (< 100 °C). Meanwhile, the mineralizing fluids must have been enriched in Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, and other elements derived from the alteration of carbonate and silicate minerals in sedimentary and igneous rocks. The coupling between sulphur and oxygen isotope data (+ 16.39‰ VCDT and + 6.71‰ VSMOW, respectively) further suggests that barite crystallized in steam-heated environment, where SO4 2- derived from magmatic-hydrothermal SO2 reacted with sulphates that originate from the oxidation of H2S under near-surface conditions.
format	article
author	Magdalena Dumańska-Słowik Beata Naglik Tomasz Toboła Tomasz Powolny Miłosz Huber Stanislava Milovska Natalia Dobosz Kamil Guzik Aleksandra Wesełucha-Birczyńska
author_facet	Magdalena Dumańska-Słowik Beata Naglik Tomasz Toboła Tomasz Powolny Miłosz Huber Stanislava Milovska Natalia Dobosz Kamil Guzik Aleksandra Wesełucha-Birczyńska
author_sort	Magdalena Dumańska-Słowik
title	Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco
title_short	Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco
title_full	Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco
title_fullStr	Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco
title_full_unstemmed	Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco
title_sort	origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from jebel ouichane near nador in morocco
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/229e18fd78dc4eb393020288ce749012
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Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco

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