Soil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal

Investigating soil and climate variability is critical to defining environments for field crops, understanding yield-limiting factors, and contributing to the sustainability and resilience of agro-ecosystems. Following this rationale, the aim of this study was to develop a soil–climate characterizat...

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Autores principales:	Carlos Manuel Hernández, Aliou Faye, Mamadou Ousseynou Ly, Zachary P. Stewart, P. V. Vara Prasad, Leonardo Mendes Bastos, Luciana Nieto, Ana J. P. Carcedo, Ignacio Antonio Ciampitti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	geospatial analysis environmental classification spatial temporal variability Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/22a1366e21364282a163617fc3f4dbc7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:22a1366e21364282a163617fc3f4dbc72021-11-11T19:27:49ZSoil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal10.3390/su1321117392071-1050https://doaj.org/article/22a1366e21364282a163617fc3f4dbc72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11739https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Investigating soil and climate variability is critical to defining environments for field crops, understanding yield-limiting factors, and contributing to the sustainability and resilience of agro-ecosystems. Following this rationale, the aim of this study was to develop a soil–climate characterization to describe environmental constraints in the Senegal summer-crops region. For the soil database, 825 soil samples were collected characterizing pH, electrical conductivity (EC), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). For the climate, monthly temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration layers were retrieved from WorldClim 2.1, CHIRPS and TERRACLIMATE. The same analysis was applied individually to both databases. Briefly, a principal component analysis (PCA) was executed to summarize the spatial variability. The outcomes from the PCA were subjected to a spatial fuzzy c-means algorithm, delineating five soil and three climate homogeneous areas, accounting for 73% of the soil and 88% of the climate variation. To our knowledge, no previous studies were done with large soil databases since availability field data is often limited. The use of soil and climate data allowed the characterization of different areas and their main drivers. The use of this classification will assist in developing strategic planning for future land use and capability classifications.Carlos Manuel HernándezAliou FayeMamadou Ousseynou LyZachary P. StewartP. V. Vara PrasadLeonardo Mendes BastosLuciana NietoAna J. P. CarcedoIgnacio Antonio CiampittiMDPI AGarticlegeospatial analysisenvironmental classificationspatialtemporalvariabilityEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11739, p 11739 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	geospatial analysis environmental classification spatial temporal variability Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	geospatial analysis environmental classification spatial temporal variability Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Carlos Manuel Hernández Aliou Faye Mamadou Ousseynou Ly Zachary P. Stewart P. V. Vara Prasad Leonardo Mendes Bastos Luciana Nieto Ana J. P. Carcedo Ignacio Antonio Ciampitti Soil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal
description	Investigating soil and climate variability is critical to defining environments for field crops, understanding yield-limiting factors, and contributing to the sustainability and resilience of agro-ecosystems. Following this rationale, the aim of this study was to develop a soil–climate characterization to describe environmental constraints in the Senegal summer-crops region. For the soil database, 825 soil samples were collected characterizing pH, electrical conductivity (EC), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). For the climate, monthly temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration layers were retrieved from WorldClim 2.1, CHIRPS and TERRACLIMATE. The same analysis was applied individually to both databases. Briefly, a principal component analysis (PCA) was executed to summarize the spatial variability. The outcomes from the PCA were subjected to a spatial fuzzy c-means algorithm, delineating five soil and three climate homogeneous areas, accounting for 73% of the soil and 88% of the climate variation. To our knowledge, no previous studies were done with large soil databases since availability field data is often limited. The use of soil and climate data allowed the characterization of different areas and their main drivers. The use of this classification will assist in developing strategic planning for future land use and capability classifications.
format	article
author	Carlos Manuel Hernández Aliou Faye Mamadou Ousseynou Ly Zachary P. Stewart P. V. Vara Prasad Leonardo Mendes Bastos Luciana Nieto Ana J. P. Carcedo Ignacio Antonio Ciampitti
author_facet	Carlos Manuel Hernández Aliou Faye Mamadou Ousseynou Ly Zachary P. Stewart P. V. Vara Prasad Leonardo Mendes Bastos Luciana Nieto Ana J. P. Carcedo Ignacio Antonio Ciampitti
author_sort	Carlos Manuel Hernández
title	Soil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal
title_short	Soil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal
title_full	Soil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal
title_fullStr	Soil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal
title_full_unstemmed	Soil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal
title_sort	soil and climate characterization to define environments for summer crops in senegal
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/22a1366e21364282a163617fc3f4dbc7
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_version_	1718431513889996800

Soil and Climate Characterization to Define Environments for Summer Crops in Senegal

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