Isolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion

Abstract Babesia parasite invades exclusively red blood cell (RBC) in mammalian host and induces alterations to host cell for survival. Despite the importance of Babesia in livestock industry and emerging cases in humans, their basic biology is hampered by lack of suitable biological tools. In this...

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Autores principales:	Hassan Hakimi, Masahito Asada, Takahiro Ishizaki, Shinichiro Kawazu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/22a65491a419438fa01a3f5195c2f9d1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:22a65491a419438fa01a3f5195c2f9d12021-12-02T16:46:34ZIsolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion10.1038/s41598-021-96365-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/22a65491a419438fa01a3f5195c2f9d12021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96365-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Babesia parasite invades exclusively red blood cell (RBC) in mammalian host and induces alterations to host cell for survival. Despite the importance of Babesia in livestock industry and emerging cases in humans, their basic biology is hampered by lack of suitable biological tools. In this study, we aimed to develop a synchronization method for Babesia bovis which causes the most pathogenic form of bovine babesiosis. Initially, we used compound 2 (C2), a specific inhibitor of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and a derivative of C2, ML10. While both inhibitors were able to prevent B. bovis egress from RBC and increased percentage of binary forms, removal of inhibitors from culture did not result in a synchronized egress of parasites. Because using PKG inhibitors alone was not efficient to induce a synchronized culture, we isolated viable and invasive B. bovis merozoites and showed dynamics of merozoite invasion and development in RBCs. Using isolated merozoites we showed that BbVEAP, VESA1-export associated protein, is essential for parasite development in the RBC while has no significant role in invasion. Given the importance of invasion for the establishment of infection, this study paves the way for finding novel antigens to be used in control strategies against bovine babesiosis.Hassan HakimiMasahito AsadaTakahiro IshizakiShinichiro KawazuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hassan Hakimi Masahito Asada Takahiro Ishizaki Shinichiro Kawazu Isolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion
description	Abstract Babesia parasite invades exclusively red blood cell (RBC) in mammalian host and induces alterations to host cell for survival. Despite the importance of Babesia in livestock industry and emerging cases in humans, their basic biology is hampered by lack of suitable biological tools. In this study, we aimed to develop a synchronization method for Babesia bovis which causes the most pathogenic form of bovine babesiosis. Initially, we used compound 2 (C2), a specific inhibitor of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), and a derivative of C2, ML10. While both inhibitors were able to prevent B. bovis egress from RBC and increased percentage of binary forms, removal of inhibitors from culture did not result in a synchronized egress of parasites. Because using PKG inhibitors alone was not efficient to induce a synchronized culture, we isolated viable and invasive B. bovis merozoites and showed dynamics of merozoite invasion and development in RBCs. Using isolated merozoites we showed that BbVEAP, VESA1-export associated protein, is essential for parasite development in the RBC while has no significant role in invasion. Given the importance of invasion for the establishment of infection, this study paves the way for finding novel antigens to be used in control strategies against bovine babesiosis.
format	article
author	Hassan Hakimi Masahito Asada Takahiro Ishizaki Shinichiro Kawazu
author_facet	Hassan Hakimi Masahito Asada Takahiro Ishizaki Shinichiro Kawazu
author_sort	Hassan Hakimi
title	Isolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion
title_short	Isolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion
title_full	Isolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion
title_fullStr	Isolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion
title_full_unstemmed	Isolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion
title_sort	isolation of viable babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/22a65491a419438fa01a3f5195c2f9d1
work_keys_str_mv	AT hassanhakimi isolationofviablebabesiabovismerozoitestostudyparasiteinvasion AT masahitoasada isolationofviablebabesiabovismerozoitestostudyparasiteinvasion AT takahiroishizaki isolationofviablebabesiabovismerozoitestostudyparasiteinvasion AT shinichirokawazu isolationofviablebabesiabovismerozoitestostudyparasiteinvasion
_version_	1718383382001352704

Isolation of viable Babesia bovis merozoites to study parasite invasion

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