Collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.

<h4>Background</h4>The tectorial membrane (TM) in the mammalian cochlea displays anisotropy, where mechanical or structural properties differ along varying directions. The anisotropy arises from the presence of collagen fibrils organized in fibers of approximately 1 microm diameter that...

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Autores principales:	Núria Gavara, Richard S Chadwick
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/22a9fb8d7e594456a0ed65ce4b51d868
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:22a9fb8d7e594456a0ed65ce4b51d8682021-11-25T06:16:38ZCollagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0004877https://doaj.org/article/22a9fb8d7e594456a0ed65ce4b51d8682009-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19293929/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The tectorial membrane (TM) in the mammalian cochlea displays anisotropy, where mechanical or structural properties differ along varying directions. The anisotropy arises from the presence of collagen fibrils organized in fibers of approximately 1 microm diameter that run radially across the TM. Mechanical coupling between the TM and the sensory epithelia is required for normal hearing. However, the lack of a suitable technique to measure mechanical anisotropy at the microscale level has hindered understanding of the TM's precise role.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Here we report values of the three elastic moduli that characterize the anisotropic mechanical properties of the TM. Our novel technique combined Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), modeling, and optical tracking of microspheres to determine the elastic moduli. We found that the TM's large mechanical anisotropy results in a marked transmission of deformations along the direction that maximizes sensory cell excitation, whereas in the perpendicular direction the transmission is greatly reduced.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Computational results, based on our values of elastic moduli, suggest that the TM facilitates the directional cooperativity of sensory cells in the cochlea, and that mechanical properties of the TM are tuned to guarantee that the magnitude of sound-induced tip-link stretching remains similar along the length of the cochlea. Furthermore, we anticipate our assay to be a starting point for other studies of biological tissues that require directional functionality.Núria GavaraRichard S ChadwickPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 3, p e4877 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Núria Gavara Richard S Chadwick Collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The tectorial membrane (TM) in the mammalian cochlea displays anisotropy, where mechanical or structural properties differ along varying directions. The anisotropy arises from the presence of collagen fibrils organized in fibers of approximately 1 microm diameter that run radially across the TM. Mechanical coupling between the TM and the sensory epithelia is required for normal hearing. However, the lack of a suitable technique to measure mechanical anisotropy at the microscale level has hindered understanding of the TM's precise role.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Here we report values of the three elastic moduli that characterize the anisotropic mechanical properties of the TM. Our novel technique combined Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), modeling, and optical tracking of microspheres to determine the elastic moduli. We found that the TM's large mechanical anisotropy results in a marked transmission of deformations along the direction that maximizes sensory cell excitation, whereas in the perpendicular direction the transmission is greatly reduced.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Computational results, based on our values of elastic moduli, suggest that the TM facilitates the directional cooperativity of sensory cells in the cochlea, and that mechanical properties of the TM are tuned to guarantee that the magnitude of sound-induced tip-link stretching remains similar along the length of the cochlea. Furthermore, we anticipate our assay to be a starting point for other studies of biological tissues that require directional functionality.
format	article
author	Núria Gavara Richard S Chadwick
author_facet	Núria Gavara Richard S Chadwick
author_sort	Núria Gavara
title	Collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.
title_short	Collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.
title_full	Collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.
title_fullStr	Collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.
title_full_unstemmed	Collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.
title_sort	collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/22a9fb8d7e594456a0ed65ce4b51d868
work_keys_str_mv	AT nuriagavara collagenbasedmechanicalanisotropyofthetectorialmembraneimplicationsforinterrowcouplingofouterhaircellbundles AT richardschadwick collagenbasedmechanicalanisotropyofthetectorialmembraneimplicationsforinterrowcouplingofouterhaircellbundles
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Collagen-based mechanical anisotropy of the tectorial membrane: implications for inter-row coupling of outer hair cell bundles.

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