NAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women

As female astronauts participate in space flight more and more frequently, there is a demand for research on how the female body adapts to the microgravity environment. In particular, there is very little research on how the neuromuscular system reacts to gravitational unloading in women. We aimed t...

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Autores principales:	Inna Nosikova, Alexandra Riabova, Liubov Amirova, Vladimir Kitov, Elena Tomilovskaya
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Dry Immersion NAIAD-2020 microgravity TMS support unloading trans-spinal magnetic stimulation Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/22d757ffc721418685c62db6d8ad771a
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:22d757ffc721418685c62db6d8ad771a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:22d757ffc721418685c62db6d8ad771a2021-12-01T22:33:55ZNAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women1662-516110.3389/fnhum.2021.753259https://doaj.org/article/22d757ffc721418685c62db6d8ad771a2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2021.753259/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5161As female astronauts participate in space flight more and more frequently, there is a demand for research on how the female body adapts to the microgravity environment. In particular, there is very little research on how the neuromuscular system reacts to gravitational unloading in women. We aimed to estimate changes in motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the lower leg muscles in women after 3-day exposure to Dry Immersion (DI), which is one of the most widely used ground models of microgravity. Six healthy female volunteers (mean age 30.17 ± 5.5 years) with a natural menstrual cycle participated in this experiment. MEPs were recorded from the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles twice before DI, on the day of DI completion, and 3 days after DI, during the recovery period. To evoke motor responses, transcranial and trans-spinal magnetic stimulation was applied. We showed that changes in MEP characteristics after DI exposure were different depending on the stimulation site, but were similar for both muscles. For trans-spinal stimulation, MEP thresholds decreased compared to baseline values, and amplitudes, on the contrary, increased, resembling the phenomenon of hypogravitational hyperreflexia. This finding is in line with data observed in other experiments on both male and female participants. MEPs to transcranial stimulation had an opposing dynamic, which may have resulted from the small group size and large inter-subject variability, or from hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Central motor conduction time remained unchanged, suggesting that pyramidal tract conductibility was not affected by DI exposure. More research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms.Inna NosikovaAlexandra RiabovaLiubov AmirovaVladimir KitovElena TomilovskayaFrontiers Media S.A.articleDry ImmersionNAIAD-2020microgravityTMSsupport unloadingtrans-spinal magnetic stimulationNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Human Neuroscience, Vol 15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Dry Immersion NAIAD-2020 microgravity TMS support unloading trans-spinal magnetic stimulation Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	Dry Immersion NAIAD-2020 microgravity TMS support unloading trans-spinal magnetic stimulation Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Inna Nosikova Alexandra Riabova Liubov Amirova Vladimir Kitov Elena Tomilovskaya NAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women
description	As female astronauts participate in space flight more and more frequently, there is a demand for research on how the female body adapts to the microgravity environment. In particular, there is very little research on how the neuromuscular system reacts to gravitational unloading in women. We aimed to estimate changes in motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in the lower leg muscles in women after 3-day exposure to Dry Immersion (DI), which is one of the most widely used ground models of microgravity. Six healthy female volunteers (mean age 30.17 ± 5.5 years) with a natural menstrual cycle participated in this experiment. MEPs were recorded from the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles twice before DI, on the day of DI completion, and 3 days after DI, during the recovery period. To evoke motor responses, transcranial and trans-spinal magnetic stimulation was applied. We showed that changes in MEP characteristics after DI exposure were different depending on the stimulation site, but were similar for both muscles. For trans-spinal stimulation, MEP thresholds decreased compared to baseline values, and amplitudes, on the contrary, increased, resembling the phenomenon of hypogravitational hyperreflexia. This finding is in line with data observed in other experiments on both male and female participants. MEPs to transcranial stimulation had an opposing dynamic, which may have resulted from the small group size and large inter-subject variability, or from hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Central motor conduction time remained unchanged, suggesting that pyramidal tract conductibility was not affected by DI exposure. More research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms.
format	article
author	Inna Nosikova Alexandra Riabova Liubov Amirova Vladimir Kitov Elena Tomilovskaya
author_facet	Inna Nosikova Alexandra Riabova Liubov Amirova Vladimir Kitov Elena Tomilovskaya
author_sort	Inna Nosikova
title	NAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women
title_short	NAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women
title_full	NAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women
title_fullStr	NAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women
title_full_unstemmed	NAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women
title_sort	naiad-2020: characteristics of motor evoked potentials after 3-day exposure to dry immersion in women
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/22d757ffc721418685c62db6d8ad771a
work_keys_str_mv	AT innanosikova naiad2020characteristicsofmotorevokedpotentialsafter3dayexposuretodryimmersioninwomen AT alexandrariabova naiad2020characteristicsofmotorevokedpotentialsafter3dayexposuretodryimmersioninwomen AT liubovamirova naiad2020characteristicsofmotorevokedpotentialsafter3dayexposuretodryimmersioninwomen AT vladimirkitov naiad2020characteristicsofmotorevokedpotentialsafter3dayexposuretodryimmersioninwomen AT elenatomilovskaya naiad2020characteristicsofmotorevokedpotentialsafter3dayexposuretodryimmersioninwomen
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NAIAD-2020: Characteristics of Motor Evoked Potentials After 3-Day Exposure to Dry Immersion in Women

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