Future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes

<p>Greenhouse-gas-driven global temperature change projections exhibit spatial variations, meaning that certain land areas will experience substantially enhanced or reduced surface warming. It is vital to understand enhanced regional warming anomalies as they locally increase heat-related risk...

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Autores principales:	R. Brogli, S. Lund Sørland, N. Kröner, C. Schär
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Copernicus Publications 2021
Materias:	Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/22f8352c2964415d90c320cbcda6cac8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:22f8352c2964415d90c320cbcda6cac82021-11-23T10:31:20ZFuture summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes10.5194/wcd-2-1093-20212698-4016https://doaj.org/article/22f8352c2964415d90c320cbcda6cac82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/2/1093/2021/wcd-2-1093-2021.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2698-4016<p>Greenhouse-gas-driven global temperature change projections exhibit spatial variations, meaning that certain land areas will experience substantially enhanced or reduced surface warming. It is vital to understand enhanced regional warming anomalies as they locally increase heat-related risks to human health and ecosystems. We argue that tropospheric lapse-rate changes play a key role in shaping the future summer warming pattern around the globe in mid-latitudes and the tropics. We present multiple lines of evidence supporting this finding based on idealized simulations over Europe, as well as regional and global climate model ensembles. All simulations consistently show that the vertical distribution of tropospheric summer warming is different in regions characterized by enhanced or reduced surface warming. Enhanced warming is projected where lapse-rate changes are small, implying that the surface and the upper troposphere experience similar warming. On the other hand, strong lapse-rate changes cause a concentration of warming in the upper troposphere and reduced warming near the surface. The varying magnitude of lapse-rate changes is governed by the temperature dependence of the moist-adiabatic lapse rate and the available tropospheric humidity. We conclude that tropospheric temperature changes should be considered along with surface processes when assessing the causes of surface warming patterns.</p>R. BrogliS. Lund SørlandS. Lund SørlandN. KrönerN. KrönerC. SchärCopernicus PublicationsarticleMeteorology. ClimatologyQC851-999ENWeather and Climate Dynamics, Vol 2, Pp 1093-1110 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
spellingShingle	Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 R. Brogli S. Lund Sørland S. Lund Sørland N. Kröner N. Kröner C. Schär Future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes
description	<p>Greenhouse-gas-driven global temperature change projections exhibit spatial variations, meaning that certain land areas will experience substantially enhanced or reduced surface warming. It is vital to understand enhanced regional warming anomalies as they locally increase heat-related risks to human health and ecosystems. We argue that tropospheric lapse-rate changes play a key role in shaping the future summer warming pattern around the globe in mid-latitudes and the tropics. We present multiple lines of evidence supporting this finding based on idealized simulations over Europe, as well as regional and global climate model ensembles. All simulations consistently show that the vertical distribution of tropospheric summer warming is different in regions characterized by enhanced or reduced surface warming. Enhanced warming is projected where lapse-rate changes are small, implying that the surface and the upper troposphere experience similar warming. On the other hand, strong lapse-rate changes cause a concentration of warming in the upper troposphere and reduced warming near the surface. The varying magnitude of lapse-rate changes is governed by the temperature dependence of the moist-adiabatic lapse rate and the available tropospheric humidity. We conclude that tropospheric temperature changes should be considered along with surface processes when assessing the causes of surface warming patterns.</p>
format	article
author	R. Brogli S. Lund Sørland S. Lund Sørland N. Kröner N. Kröner C. Schär
author_facet	R. Brogli S. Lund Sørland S. Lund Sørland N. Kröner N. Kröner C. Schär
author_sort	R. Brogli
title	Future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes
title_short	Future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes
title_full	Future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes
title_fullStr	Future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes
title_full_unstemmed	Future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes
title_sort	future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes
publisher	Copernicus Publications
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/22f8352c2964415d90c320cbcda6cac8
work_keys_str_mv	AT rbrogli futuresummerwarmingpatternunderclimatechangeisaffectedbylapseratechanges AT slundsørland futuresummerwarmingpatternunderclimatechangeisaffectedbylapseratechanges AT slundsørland futuresummerwarmingpatternunderclimatechangeisaffectedbylapseratechanges AT nkroner futuresummerwarmingpatternunderclimatechangeisaffectedbylapseratechanges AT nkroner futuresummerwarmingpatternunderclimatechangeisaffectedbylapseratechanges AT cschar futuresummerwarmingpatternunderclimatechangeisaffectedbylapseratechanges
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Future summer warming pattern under climate change is affected by lapse-rate changes

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