Assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the major contributors to poor indoor air quality. Due to advancements in sensor technologies, continuous if not regular monitoring total VOC (TVOC) and or some specific VOC in potential high risk workplaces is possible even in resource limited settings....

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Autores principales:	Madhav Kharel, Surendra Chalise, Baburam Chalise, Khaga Raj Sharma, Deepak Gyawali, Hari Paudyal, Bhanu Bhakta Neupane
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Air pollution Volatile organic compounds Indoor air quality Workplace safety VOC sensor Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/22fd282cc6454cd29f576d68f6c5580a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:22fd282cc6454cd29f576d68f6c5580a2021-12-02T05:02:19ZAssessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley2405-844010.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08262https://doaj.org/article/22fd282cc6454cd29f576d68f6c5580a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021023653https://doaj.org/toc/2405-8440Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the major contributors to poor indoor air quality. Due to advancements in sensor technologies, continuous if not regular monitoring total VOC (TVOC) and or some specific VOC in potential high risk workplaces is possible even in resource limited settings. In this study, we implemented a portable VOC sensor to measure concentration of TVOC and formaldehyde (HCHO) in six types of potential high risk workplaces (n = 56 sites) of Katmandu Valley. For comparison, concentration was also measured in immediate surroundings (n = 56) of all the sites. To get preliminary information on safety practices, a survey study was also conducted. The mean TVOC and HCHO concentration in the sites ranged from 1.5‒8 mg/m3 and <0.01–5.5 mg/m3, respectively. The indoor: outdoor TVOC and HCHO ratio (I/O) was found to be significantly higher (I/O > 1.5 and p < 0.05) in 34 (~61%) and 47 sites (∼84%), respectively. A strong positive correlation between HCHO and TVOC concentration was observed in furniture industry (R = 0.91) and metal workshops (R = 0.98). Interestingly, we found TVOC and HCHO concentration higher than WHO safe limit in ∼64% and ∼32% sites, respectively. A rough estimate of chronic daily intake (CDI) of formaldehyde showed that CDI is higher than WHO limit in four sites. These findings suggested that indoor air quality in the significant number of the workplaces is poor and possible measures should be taken to minimize the exposure.Madhav KharelSurendra ChaliseBaburam ChaliseKhaga Raj SharmaDeepak GyawaliHari PaudyalBhanu Bhakta NeupaneElsevierarticleAir pollutionVolatile organic compoundsIndoor air qualityWorkplace safetyVOC sensorScience (General)Q1-390Social sciences (General)H1-99ENHeliyon, Vol 7, Iss 11, Pp e08262- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Air pollution Volatile organic compounds Indoor air quality Workplace safety VOC sensor Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
spellingShingle	Air pollution Volatile organic compounds Indoor air quality Workplace safety VOC sensor Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99 Madhav Kharel Surendra Chalise Baburam Chalise Khaga Raj Sharma Deepak Gyawali Hari Paudyal Bhanu Bhakta Neupane Assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley
description	Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the major contributors to poor indoor air quality. Due to advancements in sensor technologies, continuous if not regular monitoring total VOC (TVOC) and or some specific VOC in potential high risk workplaces is possible even in resource limited settings. In this study, we implemented a portable VOC sensor to measure concentration of TVOC and formaldehyde (HCHO) in six types of potential high risk workplaces (n = 56 sites) of Katmandu Valley. For comparison, concentration was also measured in immediate surroundings (n = 56) of all the sites. To get preliminary information on safety practices, a survey study was also conducted. The mean TVOC and HCHO concentration in the sites ranged from 1.5‒8 mg/m3 and <0.01–5.5 mg/m3, respectively. The indoor: outdoor TVOC and HCHO ratio (I/O) was found to be significantly higher (I/O > 1.5 and p < 0.05) in 34 (~61%) and 47 sites (∼84%), respectively. A strong positive correlation between HCHO and TVOC concentration was observed in furniture industry (R = 0.91) and metal workshops (R = 0.98). Interestingly, we found TVOC and HCHO concentration higher than WHO safe limit in ∼64% and ∼32% sites, respectively. A rough estimate of chronic daily intake (CDI) of formaldehyde showed that CDI is higher than WHO limit in four sites. These findings suggested that indoor air quality in the significant number of the workplaces is poor and possible measures should be taken to minimize the exposure.
format	article
author	Madhav Kharel Surendra Chalise Baburam Chalise Khaga Raj Sharma Deepak Gyawali Hari Paudyal Bhanu Bhakta Neupane
author_facet	Madhav Kharel Surendra Chalise Baburam Chalise Khaga Raj Sharma Deepak Gyawali Hari Paudyal Bhanu Bhakta Neupane
author_sort	Madhav Kharel
title	Assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley
title_short	Assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley
title_full	Assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley
title_fullStr	Assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley
title_full_unstemmed	Assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley
title_sort	assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of kathmandu valley
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/22fd282cc6454cd29f576d68f6c5580a
work_keys_str_mv	AT madhavkharel assessingvolatileorganiccompoundlevelinselectedworkplacesofkathmanduvalley AT surendrachalise assessingvolatileorganiccompoundlevelinselectedworkplacesofkathmanduvalley AT baburamchalise assessingvolatileorganiccompoundlevelinselectedworkplacesofkathmanduvalley AT khagarajsharma assessingvolatileorganiccompoundlevelinselectedworkplacesofkathmanduvalley AT deepakgyawali assessingvolatileorganiccompoundlevelinselectedworkplacesofkathmanduvalley AT haripaudyal assessingvolatileorganiccompoundlevelinselectedworkplacesofkathmanduvalley AT bhanubhaktaneupane assessingvolatileorganiccompoundlevelinselectedworkplacesofkathmanduvalley
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Assessing volatile organic compound level in selected workplaces of Kathmandu Valley

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