Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems
ABSTRACT Terrestrial fungi play critical roles in nutrient cycling and food webs and can shape macroorganism communities as parasites and mutualists. Although estimates for the number of fungal species on the planet range from 1.5 to over 5 million, likely fewer than 10% of fungi have been identifie...
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American Society for Microbiology
2019
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oai:doaj.org-article:2321519c10d741f2b2e4494beb9c9b0d2021-11-15T15:55:26ZFungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems10.1128/mBio.01189-182150-7511https://doaj.org/article/2321519c10d741f2b2e4494beb9c9b0d2019-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01189-18https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Terrestrial fungi play critical roles in nutrient cycling and food webs and can shape macroorganism communities as parasites and mutualists. Although estimates for the number of fungal species on the planet range from 1.5 to over 5 million, likely fewer than 10% of fungi have been identified so far. To date, a relatively small percentage of described species are associated with marine environments, with ∼1,100 species retrieved exclusively from the marine environment. Nevertheless, fungi have been found in nearly every marine habitat explored, from the surface of the ocean to kilometers below ocean sediments. Fungi are hypothesized to contribute to phytoplankton population cycles and the biological carbon pump and are active in the chemistry of marine sediments. Many fungi have been identified as commensals or pathogens of marine animals (e.g., corals and sponges), plants, and algae. Despite their varied roles, remarkably little is known about the diversity of this major branch of eukaryotic life in marine ecosystems or their ecological functions. This perspective emerges from a Marine Fungi Workshop held in May 2018 at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA. We present the state of knowledge as well as the multitude of open questions regarding the diversity and function of fungi in the marine biosphere and geochemical cycles.Anthony AmendGaetan BurgaudMichael CunliffeVirginia P. EdgcombCassandra L. EttingerM. H. GutiérrezJoseph HeitmanErik F. Y. HomGiuseppe IaniriAdam C. JonesMaiko KagamiKathryn T. PicardC. Alisha QuandtSeshagiri RaghukumarMertixell RiquelmeJason StajichJosé Vargas-MuñizAllison K. WalkerOded YardenAmy S. GladfelterAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlemycologychytridmarine fungimarine microbiologyMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 10, Iss 2 (2019) |
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mycology chytrid marine fungi marine microbiology Microbiology QR1-502 |
| spellingShingle |
mycology chytrid marine fungi marine microbiology Microbiology QR1-502 Anthony Amend Gaetan Burgaud Michael Cunliffe Virginia P. Edgcomb Cassandra L. Ettinger M. H. Gutiérrez Joseph Heitman Erik F. Y. Hom Giuseppe Ianiri Adam C. Jones Maiko Kagami Kathryn T. Picard C. Alisha Quandt Seshagiri Raghukumar Mertixell Riquelme Jason Stajich José Vargas-Muñiz Allison K. Walker Oded Yarden Amy S. Gladfelter Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems |
| description |
ABSTRACT Terrestrial fungi play critical roles in nutrient cycling and food webs and can shape macroorganism communities as parasites and mutualists. Although estimates for the number of fungal species on the planet range from 1.5 to over 5 million, likely fewer than 10% of fungi have been identified so far. To date, a relatively small percentage of described species are associated with marine environments, with ∼1,100 species retrieved exclusively from the marine environment. Nevertheless, fungi have been found in nearly every marine habitat explored, from the surface of the ocean to kilometers below ocean sediments. Fungi are hypothesized to contribute to phytoplankton population cycles and the biological carbon pump and are active in the chemistry of marine sediments. Many fungi have been identified as commensals or pathogens of marine animals (e.g., corals and sponges), plants, and algae. Despite their varied roles, remarkably little is known about the diversity of this major branch of eukaryotic life in marine ecosystems or their ecological functions. This perspective emerges from a Marine Fungi Workshop held in May 2018 at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA. We present the state of knowledge as well as the multitude of open questions regarding the diversity and function of fungi in the marine biosphere and geochemical cycles. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Anthony Amend Gaetan Burgaud Michael Cunliffe Virginia P. Edgcomb Cassandra L. Ettinger M. H. Gutiérrez Joseph Heitman Erik F. Y. Hom Giuseppe Ianiri Adam C. Jones Maiko Kagami Kathryn T. Picard C. Alisha Quandt Seshagiri Raghukumar Mertixell Riquelme Jason Stajich José Vargas-Muñiz Allison K. Walker Oded Yarden Amy S. Gladfelter |
| author_facet |
Anthony Amend Gaetan Burgaud Michael Cunliffe Virginia P. Edgcomb Cassandra L. Ettinger M. H. Gutiérrez Joseph Heitman Erik F. Y. Hom Giuseppe Ianiri Adam C. Jones Maiko Kagami Kathryn T. Picard C. Alisha Quandt Seshagiri Raghukumar Mertixell Riquelme Jason Stajich José Vargas-Muñiz Allison K. Walker Oded Yarden Amy S. Gladfelter |
| author_sort |
Anthony Amend |
| title |
Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems |
| title_short |
Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems |
| title_full |
Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems |
| title_fullStr |
Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems |
| title_sort |
fungi in the marine environment: open questions and unsolved problems |
| publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/2321519c10d741f2b2e4494beb9c9b0d |
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