Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.

<h4>Background</h4>Many clinical studies reported deficits in basic and complex cognitive functions in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, the extent in which deficits in basic functions (i.e., processing speed and distractibility) contribute to complex...

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Autores principales:	Saleh M H Mohamed, Marah Butzbach, Anselm B M Fuermaier, Matthias Weisbrod, Steffen Aschenbrenner, Lara Tucha, Oliver Tucha
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/233a0974741d4023b2d66128768fb729
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:233a0974741d4023b2d66128768fb7292021-12-02T20:04:44ZBasic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256228https://doaj.org/article/233a0974741d4023b2d66128768fb7292021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256228https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Many clinical studies reported deficits in basic and complex cognitive functions in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, the extent in which deficits in basic functions (i.e., processing speed and distractibility) contribute to complex cognitive impairments (i.e., working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility, memory functions) in adults with ADHD is not well-studied. So far, literature show only one study, revealing that basic functions explain 27-74% of executive dysfunctions. Yet, the authors reported that findings could be affected by the selection of neuropsychological tests. The goal of the present research is to replicate such a finding using a different sample and a different set of neuropsychological tests.<h4>Methods</h4>Forty-eight adult patients with ADHD were compared with 48 healthy controls in basic cognitive functions, namely processing speed and distractibility and more complex cognitive functions, namely selective attention, cognitive flexibility, planning, working memory, verbal fluency, and verbal memory. Basic and complex cognitive functions were assessed using the Vigilance and Sustained Attention, Selective Attention, N-Back, Tower of London, Trail Making Test, Word Fluency, and Verbal Learning and Memory.<h4>Results and conclusion</h4>Logistic regression analyses showed that impairments in complex cognitive functions explained 25% of the variance in ADHD diagnosis. The explained variance dropped from 25% to 9% after considering basic functions of processing speed and distractibility. This 64% reduction highlights the importance of basic functions for impairments in complex functions in patients with ADHD.Saleh M H MohamedMarah ButzbachAnselm B M FuermaierMatthias WeisbrodSteffen AschenbrennerLara TuchaOliver TuchaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0256228 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Saleh M H Mohamed Marah Butzbach Anselm B M Fuermaier Matthias Weisbrod Steffen Aschenbrenner Lara Tucha Oliver Tucha Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Many clinical studies reported deficits in basic and complex cognitive functions in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, the extent in which deficits in basic functions (i.e., processing speed and distractibility) contribute to complex cognitive impairments (i.e., working memory, planning, cognitive flexibility, memory functions) in adults with ADHD is not well-studied. So far, literature show only one study, revealing that basic functions explain 27-74% of executive dysfunctions. Yet, the authors reported that findings could be affected by the selection of neuropsychological tests. The goal of the present research is to replicate such a finding using a different sample and a different set of neuropsychological tests.<h4>Methods</h4>Forty-eight adult patients with ADHD were compared with 48 healthy controls in basic cognitive functions, namely processing speed and distractibility and more complex cognitive functions, namely selective attention, cognitive flexibility, planning, working memory, verbal fluency, and verbal memory. Basic and complex cognitive functions were assessed using the Vigilance and Sustained Attention, Selective Attention, N-Back, Tower of London, Trail Making Test, Word Fluency, and Verbal Learning and Memory.<h4>Results and conclusion</h4>Logistic regression analyses showed that impairments in complex cognitive functions explained 25% of the variance in ADHD diagnosis. The explained variance dropped from 25% to 9% after considering basic functions of processing speed and distractibility. This 64% reduction highlights the importance of basic functions for impairments in complex functions in patients with ADHD.
format	article
author	Saleh M H Mohamed Marah Butzbach Anselm B M Fuermaier Matthias Weisbrod Steffen Aschenbrenner Lara Tucha Oliver Tucha
author_facet	Saleh M H Mohamed Marah Butzbach Anselm B M Fuermaier Matthias Weisbrod Steffen Aschenbrenner Lara Tucha Oliver Tucha
author_sort	Saleh M H Mohamed
title	Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.
title_short	Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.
title_full	Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.
title_fullStr	Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.
title_full_unstemmed	Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.
title_sort	basic and complex cognitive functions in adult adhd.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/233a0974741d4023b2d66128768fb729
work_keys_str_mv	AT salehmhmohamed basicandcomplexcognitivefunctionsinadultadhd AT marahbutzbach basicandcomplexcognitivefunctionsinadultadhd AT anselmbmfuermaier basicandcomplexcognitivefunctionsinadultadhd AT matthiasweisbrod basicandcomplexcognitivefunctionsinadultadhd AT steffenaschenbrenner basicandcomplexcognitivefunctionsinadultadhd AT laratucha basicandcomplexcognitivefunctionsinadultadhd AT olivertucha basicandcomplexcognitivefunctionsinadultadhd
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Basic and complex cognitive functions in Adult ADHD.

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