Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications

Takeo W Tsutsui Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Takeo W TsutsuiDepartment of Pharmacology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 102-8159, JapanTel +81...

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Autor principal:	Tsutsui TW
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	dental pulp stem cell bioactive molecule growth factor scaffold mitochondria regenerative therapy Cytology QH573-671
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/234bdf86097f49639bd11e1f1f674ead
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:234bdf86097f49639bd11e1f1f674ead2021-12-02T07:31:24ZDental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications1178-6957https://doaj.org/article/234bdf86097f49639bd11e1f1f674ead2020-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/dental-pulp-stem-cells-advances-to-applications-peer-reviewed-article-SCCAAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-6957Takeo W Tsutsui Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Takeo W TsutsuiDepartment of Pharmacology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 102-8159, JapanTel +81 3-3261-8311Fax +81 3-3264-8399Email ryuryu@tky.ndu.ac.jpAbstract: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have a high capacity for differentiation and the ability to regenerate a dentin/pulp-like complex. Numerous studies have provided evidence of DPSCs’ differentiation capacity, such as in neurogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, and dentinogenesis. The molecular mechanisms and functions of DPSCs’ differentiation process are affected by growth factors and scaffolds. For example, growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), nerve growth factor (NGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) influence DPSC fate, including in differentiation, cell proliferation, and wound healing. In addition, several types of scaffolds, such as collagen, hydrogel, decellularized bioscaffold, and nanofibrous spongy microspheres, have been used to characterize DPSC cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and functions. An appropriate combination of growth factors and scaffolds can enhance the differentiation capacity of DPSCs, in terms of optimizing not only dental-related expression but also dental pulp morphology. For a cell-based clinical approach, focus has been placed on the tissue engineering triad [cells/bioactive molecules (growth factors)/scaffolds] to characterize DPSCs. It is clear that a deep understanding of the mechanisms of stem cells, including their aging, self-renewal, microenvironmental homeostasis, and differentiation correlated with cell activity, the energy for which is provided from mitochondria, should provide new approaches for DPSC research and therapeutics. Mitochondrial functions and dynamics are related to the direction of stem cell differentiation, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial metabolism, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial elongation, and mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins. This review summarizes the effects of major growth factors and scaffolds for regenerating dentin/pulp-like complexes, as well as elucidating mitochondrial properties of DPSCs for the development of advanced applications research.Keywords: dental pulp stem cell, bioactive molecule, growth factor, scaffold, mitochondria, regenerative therapyTsutsui TWDove Medical Pressarticledental pulp stem cellbioactive moleculegrowth factorscaffoldmitochondriaregenerative therapyCytologyQH573-671ENStem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications, Vol Volume 13, Pp 33-42 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dental pulp stem cell bioactive molecule growth factor scaffold mitochondria regenerative therapy Cytology QH573-671
spellingShingle	dental pulp stem cell bioactive molecule growth factor scaffold mitochondria regenerative therapy Cytology QH573-671 Tsutsui TW Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications
description	Takeo W Tsutsui Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Takeo W TsutsuiDepartment of Pharmacology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 102-8159, JapanTel +81 3-3261-8311Fax +81 3-3264-8399Email ryuryu@tky.ndu.ac.jpAbstract: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have a high capacity for differentiation and the ability to regenerate a dentin/pulp-like complex. Numerous studies have provided evidence of DPSCs’ differentiation capacity, such as in neurogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, and dentinogenesis. The molecular mechanisms and functions of DPSCs’ differentiation process are affected by growth factors and scaffolds. For example, growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), nerve growth factor (NGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) influence DPSC fate, including in differentiation, cell proliferation, and wound healing. In addition, several types of scaffolds, such as collagen, hydrogel, decellularized bioscaffold, and nanofibrous spongy microspheres, have been used to characterize DPSC cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and functions. An appropriate combination of growth factors and scaffolds can enhance the differentiation capacity of DPSCs, in terms of optimizing not only dental-related expression but also dental pulp morphology. For a cell-based clinical approach, focus has been placed on the tissue engineering triad [cells/bioactive molecules (growth factors)/scaffolds] to characterize DPSCs. It is clear that a deep understanding of the mechanisms of stem cells, including their aging, self-renewal, microenvironmental homeostasis, and differentiation correlated with cell activity, the energy for which is provided from mitochondria, should provide new approaches for DPSC research and therapeutics. Mitochondrial functions and dynamics are related to the direction of stem cell differentiation, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial metabolism, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial elongation, and mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins. This review summarizes the effects of major growth factors and scaffolds for regenerating dentin/pulp-like complexes, as well as elucidating mitochondrial properties of DPSCs for the development of advanced applications research.Keywords: dental pulp stem cell, bioactive molecule, growth factor, scaffold, mitochondria, regenerative therapy
format	article
author	Tsutsui TW
author_facet	Tsutsui TW
author_sort	Tsutsui TW
title	Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications
title_short	Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications
title_full	Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications
title_fullStr	Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications
title_full_unstemmed	Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications
title_sort	dental pulp stem cells: advances to applications
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/234bdf86097f49639bd11e1f1f674ead
work_keys_str_mv	AT tsutsuitw dentalpulpstemcellsadvancestoapplications
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Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Advances to Applications

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