Role of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic

SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic Betacoronavirus causing the devastating COVID-19 pandemic. More than twelve million COVID-19 cases and 500 thousand fatalities have been reported in 216 countries. Although SARS-CoV-2 originated in China, comparatively fewer people have been affected in other Asian countries...

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Autores principales:	Mohammad M. Hassan, Mohamed E. El Zowalaty, Shahneaz A. Khan, Ariful Islam, Md. Raihan K. Nayem, Josef D. Järhult
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2020
Materias:	sars-cov-2 coronaviruses covid-19 environmental temperature pandemic attack rate case fatality rate Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/235bfcfd581d47c8a79b0d15fd7d88ed
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:235bfcfd581d47c8a79b0d15fd7d88ed2021-11-04T15:00:43ZRole of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic2000-868610.1080/20008686.2020.1792620https://doaj.org/article/235bfcfd581d47c8a79b0d15fd7d88ed2020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2020.1792620https://doaj.org/toc/2000-8686SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic Betacoronavirus causing the devastating COVID-19 pandemic. More than twelve million COVID-19 cases and 500 thousand fatalities have been reported in 216 countries. Although SARS-CoV-2 originated in China, comparatively fewer people have been affected in other Asian countries than in Europe and the USA. This study examined the hypothesis that lower temperature may increase the spread of SARS-CoV-2 by comparing attack rate and case fatality rate (until 21 March 2020) to mean temperature in January–February 2020. The attack rate was highest in Luxembourg followed by Italy and Switzerland. There was a significant (p = 0.02) correlation between decreased attack rate and increased environmental temperature. The case fatality rate was highest in Italy followed by Iran and Spain. There was no significant correlation between the case fatality rate and temperature. This study indicates that lower temperature may increase SARS-CoV-2 transmission (measured as an increased attack rate), but there is no evidence that temperature affects the severity of the disease (measured as case fatality rate). However, there are clearly other factors that affect the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and many of these may be sensitive to interventions, e.g. through increased public awareness and public health response.Mohammad M. HassanMohamed E. El ZowalatyShahneaz A. KhanAriful IslamMd. Raihan K. NayemJosef D. JärhultTaylor & Francis Grouparticlesars-cov-2coronavirusescovid-19environmental temperaturepandemicattack ratecase fatality rateInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENInfection Ecology & Epidemiology, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sars-cov-2 coronaviruses covid-19 environmental temperature pandemic attack rate case fatality rate Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	sars-cov-2 coronaviruses covid-19 environmental temperature pandemic attack rate case fatality rate Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Mohammad M. Hassan Mohamed E. El Zowalaty Shahneaz A. Khan Ariful Islam Md. Raihan K. Nayem Josef D. Järhult Role of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
description	SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic Betacoronavirus causing the devastating COVID-19 pandemic. More than twelve million COVID-19 cases and 500 thousand fatalities have been reported in 216 countries. Although SARS-CoV-2 originated in China, comparatively fewer people have been affected in other Asian countries than in Europe and the USA. This study examined the hypothesis that lower temperature may increase the spread of SARS-CoV-2 by comparing attack rate and case fatality rate (until 21 March 2020) to mean temperature in January–February 2020. The attack rate was highest in Luxembourg followed by Italy and Switzerland. There was a significant (p = 0.02) correlation between decreased attack rate and increased environmental temperature. The case fatality rate was highest in Italy followed by Iran and Spain. There was no significant correlation between the case fatality rate and temperature. This study indicates that lower temperature may increase SARS-CoV-2 transmission (measured as an increased attack rate), but there is no evidence that temperature affects the severity of the disease (measured as case fatality rate). However, there are clearly other factors that affect the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and many of these may be sensitive to interventions, e.g. through increased public awareness and public health response.
format	article
author	Mohammad M. Hassan Mohamed E. El Zowalaty Shahneaz A. Khan Ariful Islam Md. Raihan K. Nayem Josef D. Järhult
author_facet	Mohammad M. Hassan Mohamed E. El Zowalaty Shahneaz A. Khan Ariful Islam Md. Raihan K. Nayem Josef D. Järhult
author_sort	Mohammad M. Hassan
title	Role of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
title_short	Role of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
title_full	Role of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
title_fullStr	Role of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed	Role of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
title_sort	role of environmental temperature on the attack rate and case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/235bfcfd581d47c8a79b0d15fd7d88ed
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Role of Environmental Temperature on the Attack rate and Case fatality rate of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic

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