Genome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori chronically infects the gastric mucosa in more than half of the human population; in a subset of this population, its presence is associated with development of severe disease, such as gastric cancer. Genomic analysis of several strains has revealed an extensive H. pylor...

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Autores principales:	Philippe Lehours, Filipa F. Vale, Magnus K. Bjursell, Ojar Melefors, Reza Advani, Steve Glavas, Julia Guegueniat, Etienne Gontier, Sabrina Lacomme, António Alves Matos, Armelle Menard, Francis Mégraud, Lars Engstrand, Anders F. Andersson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2011
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2360195ccd0440a584aeaca9699a7e0b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2360195ccd0440a584aeaca9699a7e0b2021-11-15T15:38:48ZGenome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>10.1128/mBio.00239-112150-7511https://doaj.org/article/2360195ccd0440a584aeaca9699a7e0b2011-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00239-11https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori chronically infects the gastric mucosa in more than half of the human population; in a subset of this population, its presence is associated with development of severe disease, such as gastric cancer. Genomic analysis of several strains has revealed an extensive H. pylori pan-genome, likely to grow as more genomes are sampled. Here we describe the draft genome sequence (63 contigs; 26× mean coverage) of H. pylori strain B45, isolated from a patient with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The major finding was a 24.6-kb prophage integrated in the bacterial genome. The prophage shares most of its genes (22/27) with prophage region II of Helicobacter acinonychis strain Sheeba. After UV treatment of liquid cultures, circular DNA carrying the prophage integrase gene could be detected, and intracellular tailed phage-like particles were observed in H. pylori cells by transmission electron microscopy, indicating that phage production can be induced from the prophage. PCR amplification and sequencing of the integrase gene from 341 H. pylori strains from different geographic regions revealed a high prevalence of the prophage (21.4%). Phylogenetic reconstruction showed four distinct clusters in the integrase gene, three of which tended to be specific for geographic regions. Our study implies that phages may play important roles in the ecology and evolution of H. pylori. IMPORTANCE Helicobacter pylori chronically infects the gastric mucosa in more than half of the human population, and while most of the infected individuals do not develop disease, H. pylori infection doubles the risk of developing gastric cancer. An abundance and diversity of viruses (phages) infect microbial populations in most environments and are important mediators of microbial diversity. Our finding of a 24.6-kb prophage integrated inside an H. pylori genome and the observation of circular integrase gene-containing DNA and phage-like particles inside cells upon UV treatment demonstrate that we have discovered a viable H. pylori phage. The additional finding of integrase genes in a large proportion of screened isolates of diverse geographic origins indicates that the prevalence of prophages may have been underestimated in H. pylori. Since phages are important drivers of microbial evolution, the discovery should be important for understanding and predicting genetic diversity in H. pylori.Philippe LehoursFilipa F. ValeMagnus K. BjursellOjar MeleforsReza AdvaniSteve GlavasJulia GuegueniatEtienne GontierSabrina LacommeAntónio Alves MatosArmelle MenardFrancis MégraudLars EngstrandAnders F. AnderssonAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 2, Iss 6 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Philippe Lehours Filipa F. Vale Magnus K. Bjursell Ojar Melefors Reza Advani Steve Glavas Julia Guegueniat Etienne Gontier Sabrina Lacomme António Alves Matos Armelle Menard Francis Mégraud Lars Engstrand Anders F. Andersson Genome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>
description	ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori chronically infects the gastric mucosa in more than half of the human population; in a subset of this population, its presence is associated with development of severe disease, such as gastric cancer. Genomic analysis of several strains has revealed an extensive H. pylori pan-genome, likely to grow as more genomes are sampled. Here we describe the draft genome sequence (63 contigs; 26× mean coverage) of H. pylori strain B45, isolated from a patient with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The major finding was a 24.6-kb prophage integrated in the bacterial genome. The prophage shares most of its genes (22/27) with prophage region II of Helicobacter acinonychis strain Sheeba. After UV treatment of liquid cultures, circular DNA carrying the prophage integrase gene could be detected, and intracellular tailed phage-like particles were observed in H. pylori cells by transmission electron microscopy, indicating that phage production can be induced from the prophage. PCR amplification and sequencing of the integrase gene from 341 H. pylori strains from different geographic regions revealed a high prevalence of the prophage (21.4%). Phylogenetic reconstruction showed four distinct clusters in the integrase gene, three of which tended to be specific for geographic regions. Our study implies that phages may play important roles in the ecology and evolution of H. pylori. IMPORTANCE Helicobacter pylori chronically infects the gastric mucosa in more than half of the human population, and while most of the infected individuals do not develop disease, H. pylori infection doubles the risk of developing gastric cancer. An abundance and diversity of viruses (phages) infect microbial populations in most environments and are important mediators of microbial diversity. Our finding of a 24.6-kb prophage integrated inside an H. pylori genome and the observation of circular integrase gene-containing DNA and phage-like particles inside cells upon UV treatment demonstrate that we have discovered a viable H. pylori phage. The additional finding of integrase genes in a large proportion of screened isolates of diverse geographic origins indicates that the prevalence of prophages may have been underestimated in H. pylori. Since phages are important drivers of microbial evolution, the discovery should be important for understanding and predicting genetic diversity in H. pylori.
format	article
author	Philippe Lehours Filipa F. Vale Magnus K. Bjursell Ojar Melefors Reza Advani Steve Glavas Julia Guegueniat Etienne Gontier Sabrina Lacomme António Alves Matos Armelle Menard Francis Mégraud Lars Engstrand Anders F. Andersson
author_facet	Philippe Lehours Filipa F. Vale Magnus K. Bjursell Ojar Melefors Reza Advani Steve Glavas Julia Guegueniat Etienne Gontier Sabrina Lacomme António Alves Matos Armelle Menard Francis Mégraud Lars Engstrand Anders F. Andersson
author_sort	Philippe Lehours
title	Genome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>
title_short	Genome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>
title_full	Genome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>
title_fullStr	Genome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>
title_full_unstemmed	Genome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>
title_sort	genome sequencing reveals a phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">helicobacter pylori</named-content>
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/2360195ccd0440a584aeaca9699a7e0b
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Genome Sequencing Reveals a Phage in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Helicobacter pylori</named-content>

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