Tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.

Faster-than-expected post-glacial migration rates of trees have puzzled ecologists for a long time. In Europe, post-glacial migration is assumed to have started from the three southern European peninsulas (southern refugia), where large areas remained free of permafrost and ice at the peak of the la...

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Autores principales:	Angelica Feurdean, Shonil A Bhagwat, Katherine J Willis, H John B Birks, Heike Lischke, Thomas Hickler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/23b49dd285e240d89cc17de6963e9b49
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:23b49dd285e240d89cc17de6963e9b492021-11-18T08:58:16ZTree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0071797https://doaj.org/article/23b49dd285e240d89cc17de6963e9b492013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23990991/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Faster-than-expected post-glacial migration rates of trees have puzzled ecologists for a long time. In Europe, post-glacial migration is assumed to have started from the three southern European peninsulas (southern refugia), where large areas remained free of permafrost and ice at the peak of the last glaciation. However, increasing palaeobotanical evidence for the presence of isolated tree populations in more northerly microrefugia has started to change this perception. Here we use the Northern Eurasian Plant Macrofossil Database and palaeoecological literature to show that post-glacial migration rates for trees may have been substantially lower (60-260 m yr(-1)) than those estimated by assuming migration from southern refugia only (115-550 m yr(-1)), and that early-successional trees migrated faster than mid- and late-successional trees. Post-glacial migration rates are in good agreement with those recently projected for the future with a population dynamical forest succession and dispersal model, mainly for early-successional trees and under optimal conditions. Although migration estimates presented here may be conservative because of our assumption of uniform dispersal, tree migration-rates clearly need reconsideration. We suggest that small outlier populations may be a key factor in understanding past migration rates and in predicting potential future range-shifts. The importance of outlier populations in the past may have an analogy in the future, as many tree species have been planted beyond their natural ranges, with a more beneficial microclimate than their regional surroundings. Therefore, climate-change-induced range-shifts in the future might well be influenced by such microrefugia.Angelica FeurdeanShonil A BhagwatKatherine J WillisH John B BirksHeike LischkeThomas HicklerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e71797 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Angelica Feurdean Shonil A Bhagwat Katherine J Willis H John B Birks Heike Lischke Thomas Hickler Tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.
description	Faster-than-expected post-glacial migration rates of trees have puzzled ecologists for a long time. In Europe, post-glacial migration is assumed to have started from the three southern European peninsulas (southern refugia), where large areas remained free of permafrost and ice at the peak of the last glaciation. However, increasing palaeobotanical evidence for the presence of isolated tree populations in more northerly microrefugia has started to change this perception. Here we use the Northern Eurasian Plant Macrofossil Database and palaeoecological literature to show that post-glacial migration rates for trees may have been substantially lower (60-260 m yr(-1)) than those estimated by assuming migration from southern refugia only (115-550 m yr(-1)), and that early-successional trees migrated faster than mid- and late-successional trees. Post-glacial migration rates are in good agreement with those recently projected for the future with a population dynamical forest succession and dispersal model, mainly for early-successional trees and under optimal conditions. Although migration estimates presented here may be conservative because of our assumption of uniform dispersal, tree migration-rates clearly need reconsideration. We suggest that small outlier populations may be a key factor in understanding past migration rates and in predicting potential future range-shifts. The importance of outlier populations in the past may have an analogy in the future, as many tree species have been planted beyond their natural ranges, with a more beneficial microclimate than their regional surroundings. Therefore, climate-change-induced range-shifts in the future might well be influenced by such microrefugia.
format	article
author	Angelica Feurdean Shonil A Bhagwat Katherine J Willis H John B Birks Heike Lischke Thomas Hickler
author_facet	Angelica Feurdean Shonil A Bhagwat Katherine J Willis H John B Birks Heike Lischke Thomas Hickler
author_sort	Angelica Feurdean
title	Tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.
title_short	Tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.
title_full	Tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.
title_fullStr	Tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.
title_full_unstemmed	Tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.
title_sort	tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/23b49dd285e240d89cc17de6963e9b49
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Tree migration-rates: narrowing the gap between inferred post-glacial rates and projected rates.

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