Emerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global health crisis caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard test for diagnosing COVID-19. Although it is highly accurate, this lab test req...

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Autores principales:	Wei Yin Lim, Boon Leong Lan, Narayanan Ramakrishnan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	biosensor COVID-19 diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 surface plasmon resonance field-effect transistor electrochemical Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/23bb5a65f0974384893eba17cec43582
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:23bb5a65f0974384893eba17cec435822021-11-25T16:55:20ZEmerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review10.3390/bios111104342079-6374https://doaj.org/article/23bb5a65f0974384893eba17cec435822021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/11/11/434https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6374Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global health crisis caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard test for diagnosing COVID-19. Although it is highly accurate, this lab test requires highly-trained personnel and the turn-around time is long. Rapid and inexpensive immuno-diagnostic tests (antigen or antibody test) are available, but these point of care (POC) tests are not as accurate as the RT-PCR test. Biosensors are promising alternatives to these rapid POC tests. Here we review three types of recently developed biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection: surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based, electrochemical and field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors. We explain the sensing principles and discuss the advantages and limitations of these sensors. The accuracies of these sensors need to be improved before they could be translated into POC devices for commercial use. We suggest potential biorecognition elements with highly selective target-analyte binding that could be explored to increase the true negative detection rate. To increase the true positive detection rate, we suggest two-dimensional materials and nanomaterials that could be used to modify the sensor surface to increase the sensitivity of the sensor.Wei Yin LimBoon Leong LanNarayanan RamakrishnanMDPI AGarticlebiosensorCOVID-19 diagnosisSARS-CoV-2surface plasmon resonancefield-effect transistorelectrochemicalBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENBiosensors, Vol 11, Iss 434, p 434 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biosensor COVID-19 diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 surface plasmon resonance field-effect transistor electrochemical Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
spellingShingle	biosensor COVID-19 diagnosis SARS-CoV-2 surface plasmon resonance field-effect transistor electrochemical Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Wei Yin Lim Boon Leong Lan Narayanan Ramakrishnan Emerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review
description	Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global health crisis caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard test for diagnosing COVID-19. Although it is highly accurate, this lab test requires highly-trained personnel and the turn-around time is long. Rapid and inexpensive immuno-diagnostic tests (antigen or antibody test) are available, but these point of care (POC) tests are not as accurate as the RT-PCR test. Biosensors are promising alternatives to these rapid POC tests. Here we review three types of recently developed biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection: surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based, electrochemical and field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors. We explain the sensing principles and discuss the advantages and limitations of these sensors. The accuracies of these sensors need to be improved before they could be translated into POC devices for commercial use. We suggest potential biorecognition elements with highly selective target-analyte binding that could be explored to increase the true negative detection rate. To increase the true positive detection rate, we suggest two-dimensional materials and nanomaterials that could be used to modify the sensor surface to increase the sensitivity of the sensor.
format	article
author	Wei Yin Lim Boon Leong Lan Narayanan Ramakrishnan
author_facet	Wei Yin Lim Boon Leong Lan Narayanan Ramakrishnan
author_sort	Wei Yin Lim
title	Emerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review
title_short	Emerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review
title_full	Emerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review
title_fullStr	Emerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review
title_full_unstemmed	Emerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review
title_sort	emerging biosensors to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2): a review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/23bb5a65f0974384893eba17cec43582
work_keys_str_mv	AT weiyinlim emergingbiosensorstodetectsevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2sarscov2areview AT boonleonglan emergingbiosensorstodetectsevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2sarscov2areview AT narayananramakrishnan emergingbiosensorstodetectsevereacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2sarscov2areview
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Emerging Biosensors to Detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Review

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