Fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model

Abstract Ice thickness has a great influence on glacial movement and ablation. Over the course of the change in thickness, area and external climate, the dynamic process of how glaciers change and whether a glacier’s changes in melting tend to be stable or irregular is a problem that needs to be stu...

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Autores principales:	Zhen Wu, Huiwen Zhang, Shiyin Liu, Dong Ren, Xuejian Bai, Zhaojie Xun, Zhentao Ma
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/23d615f41dc24017a8c3ca7c99cf2f4f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:23d615f41dc24017a8c3ca7c99cf2f4f2021-12-02T13:35:12ZFluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model10.1038/s41598-019-56864-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/23d615f41dc24017a8c3ca7c99cf2f4f2019-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56864-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Ice thickness has a great influence on glacial movement and ablation. Over the course of the change in thickness, area and external climate, the dynamic process of how glaciers change and whether a glacier’s changes in melting tend to be stable or irregular is a problem that needs to be studied in depth. In our study, the changes in the dynamic process of the No. 8 Glacier in Hei Valley (H8) under the conditions of different thicknesses in 1969 and 2009 were simulated based on the Full-Stokes code Elmer/Ice (http://www.csc.fi/elmer/). The results were as follows: (1) The thickness reduction in glaciers would lead to a decrease in ice surface tension and basal pressure and friction at the bottom, and the resulting extensional and compressional flow played an important role in the variations in glacial velocity. (2) The force at the bottom of the glacier was key to maintaining the overall stress balance, and the glaciers that often melted and collapsed in bedrock were more easily destroyed by the overall force balance and increased change rate of glacial thaw. (3) Temperature changes at different altitudes affected the ice viscous force. The closer the ice surface temperature was to the melting point, the greater the influence of temperature changes on the ice viscous force and ice surface velocity. Finally, we used the RCP 4.8 and 8.5 climate models to simulate the changes in H8 over the next 40 years. The results showed that with some decreases in ice surface compression and tension, the gravity component changes caused by local topography begin to control the ice flow movement on the surface of glacier, and melting of the glacial surface will appear as an irregular change. The simulation results further confirmed that the fluctuation in glacial dynamic characteristics could be attributed to the change in the gravity component caused by ablation.Zhen WuHuiwen ZhangShiyin LiuDong RenXuejian BaiZhaojie XunZhentao MaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zhen Wu Huiwen Zhang Shiyin Liu Dong Ren Xuejian Bai Zhaojie Xun Zhentao Ma Fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model
description	Abstract Ice thickness has a great influence on glacial movement and ablation. Over the course of the change in thickness, area and external climate, the dynamic process of how glaciers change and whether a glacier’s changes in melting tend to be stable or irregular is a problem that needs to be studied in depth. In our study, the changes in the dynamic process of the No. 8 Glacier in Hei Valley (H8) under the conditions of different thicknesses in 1969 and 2009 were simulated based on the Full-Stokes code Elmer/Ice (http://www.csc.fi/elmer/). The results were as follows: (1) The thickness reduction in glaciers would lead to a decrease in ice surface tension and basal pressure and friction at the bottom, and the resulting extensional and compressional flow played an important role in the variations in glacial velocity. (2) The force at the bottom of the glacier was key to maintaining the overall stress balance, and the glaciers that often melted and collapsed in bedrock were more easily destroyed by the overall force balance and increased change rate of glacial thaw. (3) Temperature changes at different altitudes affected the ice viscous force. The closer the ice surface temperature was to the melting point, the greater the influence of temperature changes on the ice viscous force and ice surface velocity. Finally, we used the RCP 4.8 and 8.5 climate models to simulate the changes in H8 over the next 40 years. The results showed that with some decreases in ice surface compression and tension, the gravity component changes caused by local topography begin to control the ice flow movement on the surface of glacier, and melting of the glacial surface will appear as an irregular change. The simulation results further confirmed that the fluctuation in glacial dynamic characteristics could be attributed to the change in the gravity component caused by ablation.
format	article
author	Zhen Wu Huiwen Zhang Shiyin Liu Dong Ren Xuejian Bai Zhaojie Xun Zhentao Ma
author_facet	Zhen Wu Huiwen Zhang Shiyin Liu Dong Ren Xuejian Bai Zhaojie Xun Zhentao Ma
author_sort	Zhen Wu
title	Fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model
title_short	Fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model
title_full	Fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model
title_fullStr	Fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model
title_full_unstemmed	Fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model
title_sort	fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on full-stokes model
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/23d615f41dc24017a8c3ca7c99cf2f4f
work_keys_str_mv	AT zhenwu fluctuationanalysisinthedynamiccharacteristicsofcontinentalglacierbasedonfullstokesmodel AT huiwenzhang fluctuationanalysisinthedynamiccharacteristicsofcontinentalglacierbasedonfullstokesmodel AT shiyinliu fluctuationanalysisinthedynamiccharacteristicsofcontinentalglacierbasedonfullstokesmodel AT dongren fluctuationanalysisinthedynamiccharacteristicsofcontinentalglacierbasedonfullstokesmodel AT xuejianbai fluctuationanalysisinthedynamiccharacteristicsofcontinentalglacierbasedonfullstokesmodel AT zhaojiexun fluctuationanalysisinthedynamiccharacteristicsofcontinentalglacierbasedonfullstokesmodel AT zhentaoma fluctuationanalysisinthedynamiccharacteristicsofcontinentalglacierbasedonfullstokesmodel
_version_	1718392662265954304

Fluctuation analysis in the dynamic characteristics of continental glacier based on Full-Stokes model

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