A Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry

Polyurethanes are most often called “green” when they contain natural, renewable additives in their network or chemical structure, such as mono- and polysaccharides, oils (mainly vegetable oils), polyphenols (e.g., lignins, tannins), or various compounds derived from agro-waste white biotechnology (...

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Autores principales:	Joanna Brzeska, Agnieszka Piotrowska-Kirschling
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	green chemistry polyurethanes environmental management sustainable economy Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/23f3a5283543438cb6db9bdb7686da3a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:23f3a5283543438cb6db9bdb7686da3a2021-11-25T18:50:31ZA Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry10.3390/pr91119292227-9717https://doaj.org/article/23f3a5283543438cb6db9bdb7686da3a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/9/11/1929https://doaj.org/toc/2227-9717Polyurethanes are most often called “green” when they contain natural, renewable additives in their network or chemical structure, such as mono- and polysaccharides, oils (mainly vegetable oils), polyphenols (e.g., lignins, tannins), or various compounds derived from agro-waste white biotechnology (Principle 7). This usually results in these polyurethanes obtained from less hazardous substrates (Principle 4). Appropriate modification of polyurethanes makes them susceptible to degradation, and the use of appropriate processes allows for their recycling (Principle 10). However, this fulfilment of other principles also predisposes them to be green. As in the production of other polymer materials, the synthesis of polyurethanes is carried out with the use of catalysts (such as biocatalysts) (Principle 9) with full control of the course of the reaction (Principle 11), which allows maximization of the atomic economy (Principle 2) and an increase in energy efficiency (Principle 6) while minimizing the risk of production waste (Principle 1). Moreover, traditional substrates in the synthesis of polyurethanes can be replaced with less toxic ones (e.g., in non-isocyanate polyurethanes), which, at the same time, leads to a non-toxic product (Principle 3, Principle 5). In general, there is no need for blocking compounds to provide intermediates in the synthesis of polyurethanes (Principle 8). Reasonable storage of substrates, their transport, and the synthesis of polyurethanes guarantee the safety and the prevention of uncontrolled reactions (Principle 12). This publication is a summary of the achievements of scientists and technologists who are constantly working to create ideal polyurethanes that do not pollute the environment, and their synthesis and use are consistent with the principles of sustainable economy.Joanna BrzeskaAgnieszka Piotrowska-KirschlingMDPI AGarticlegreen chemistrypolyurethanesenvironmental managementsustainable economyChemical technologyTP1-1185ChemistryQD1-999ENProcesses, Vol 9, Iss 1929, p 1929 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	green chemistry polyurethanes environmental management sustainable economy Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	green chemistry polyurethanes environmental management sustainable economy Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemistry QD1-999 Joanna Brzeska Agnieszka Piotrowska-Kirschling A Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry
description	Polyurethanes are most often called “green” when they contain natural, renewable additives in their network or chemical structure, such as mono- and polysaccharides, oils (mainly vegetable oils), polyphenols (e.g., lignins, tannins), or various compounds derived from agro-waste white biotechnology (Principle 7). This usually results in these polyurethanes obtained from less hazardous substrates (Principle 4). Appropriate modification of polyurethanes makes them susceptible to degradation, and the use of appropriate processes allows for their recycling (Principle 10). However, this fulfilment of other principles also predisposes them to be green. As in the production of other polymer materials, the synthesis of polyurethanes is carried out with the use of catalysts (such as biocatalysts) (Principle 9) with full control of the course of the reaction (Principle 11), which allows maximization of the atomic economy (Principle 2) and an increase in energy efficiency (Principle 6) while minimizing the risk of production waste (Principle 1). Moreover, traditional substrates in the synthesis of polyurethanes can be replaced with less toxic ones (e.g., in non-isocyanate polyurethanes), which, at the same time, leads to a non-toxic product (Principle 3, Principle 5). In general, there is no need for blocking compounds to provide intermediates in the synthesis of polyurethanes (Principle 8). Reasonable storage of substrates, their transport, and the synthesis of polyurethanes guarantee the safety and the prevention of uncontrolled reactions (Principle 12). This publication is a summary of the achievements of scientists and technologists who are constantly working to create ideal polyurethanes that do not pollute the environment, and their synthesis and use are consistent with the principles of sustainable economy.
format	article
author	Joanna Brzeska Agnieszka Piotrowska-Kirschling
author_facet	Joanna Brzeska Agnieszka Piotrowska-Kirschling
author_sort	Joanna Brzeska
title	A Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry
title_short	A Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry
title_full	A Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry
title_fullStr	A Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry
title_full_unstemmed	A Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry
title_sort	brief introduction to the polyurethanes according to the principles of green chemistry
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/23f3a5283543438cb6db9bdb7686da3a
work_keys_str_mv	AT joannabrzeska abriefintroductiontothepolyurethanesaccordingtotheprinciplesofgreenchemistry AT agnieszkapiotrowskakirschling abriefintroductiontothepolyurethanesaccordingtotheprinciplesofgreenchemistry AT joannabrzeska briefintroductiontothepolyurethanesaccordingtotheprinciplesofgreenchemistry AT agnieszkapiotrowskakirschling briefintroductiontothepolyurethanesaccordingtotheprinciplesofgreenchemistry
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A Brief Introduction to the Polyurethanes According to the Principles of Green Chemistry

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