SMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection

Although combination antiretroviral therapy is extremely effective in lowering HIV RNA to undetectable levels in the blood, HIV persists in latently infected CD4+ T-cells and persistently infected macrophages. In latently/persistently infected cells, HIV proteins have shown to affect the expression...

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Autores principales:	Bengisu Molyer, Ashok Kumar, Jonathan B. Angel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	SMAC mimetics HIV HIV latency apoptosis HIV therapeutics Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2400c6265cdd4d9db817d85c7f557bea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2400c6265cdd4d9db817d85c7f557bea2021-12-01T04:29:25ZSMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.780400https://doaj.org/article/2400c6265cdd4d9db817d85c7f557bea2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.780400/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224Although combination antiretroviral therapy is extremely effective in lowering HIV RNA to undetectable levels in the blood, HIV persists in latently infected CD4+ T-cells and persistently infected macrophages. In latently/persistently infected cells, HIV proteins have shown to affect the expression of proteins involved in the apoptosis pathway, notably the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), and thereby influence cell survival. IAPs, which are inhibited by endogenous second mitochondrial-derived activators of caspases (SMAC), can serve as targets for SMAC mimetics, synthetic compounds capable of inducing apoptosis. There is increasing evidence that SMAC mimetics can be used to reverse HIV latency and/or kill cells that are latently/persistently infected with HIV. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of SMAC mimetics as an approach to eliminate HIV infected cells and discuss the potential future use of SMAC mimetics as part of an HIV cure strategy.Bengisu MolyerBengisu MolyerAshok KumarAshok KumarJonathan B. AngelJonathan B. AngelJonathan B. AngelFrontiers Media S.A.articleSMAC mimeticsHIVHIV latencyapoptosisHIV therapeuticsImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	SMAC mimetics HIV HIV latency apoptosis HIV therapeutics Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	SMAC mimetics HIV HIV latency apoptosis HIV therapeutics Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Bengisu Molyer Bengisu Molyer Ashok Kumar Ashok Kumar Jonathan B. Angel Jonathan B. Angel Jonathan B. Angel SMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection
description	Although combination antiretroviral therapy is extremely effective in lowering HIV RNA to undetectable levels in the blood, HIV persists in latently infected CD4+ T-cells and persistently infected macrophages. In latently/persistently infected cells, HIV proteins have shown to affect the expression of proteins involved in the apoptosis pathway, notably the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), and thereby influence cell survival. IAPs, which are inhibited by endogenous second mitochondrial-derived activators of caspases (SMAC), can serve as targets for SMAC mimetics, synthetic compounds capable of inducing apoptosis. There is increasing evidence that SMAC mimetics can be used to reverse HIV latency and/or kill cells that are latently/persistently infected with HIV. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of SMAC mimetics as an approach to eliminate HIV infected cells and discuss the potential future use of SMAC mimetics as part of an HIV cure strategy.
format	article
author	Bengisu Molyer Bengisu Molyer Ashok Kumar Ashok Kumar Jonathan B. Angel Jonathan B. Angel Jonathan B. Angel
author_facet	Bengisu Molyer Bengisu Molyer Ashok Kumar Ashok Kumar Jonathan B. Angel Jonathan B. Angel Jonathan B. Angel
author_sort	Bengisu Molyer
title	SMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection
title_short	SMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection
title_full	SMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection
title_fullStr	SMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection
title_full_unstemmed	SMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection
title_sort	smac mimetics as therapeutic agents in hiv infection
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2400c6265cdd4d9db817d85c7f557bea
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SMAC Mimetics as Therapeutic Agents in HIV Infection

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