Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia

Lencho Megersa Marami,1 Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin,2 Edilu Jorga Sarba,2 Getachew Kebebew Tola,2 Solomon Shiferaw Endalew,1 Asamenew Tesfaye Melkamsew,3 Vincenzo Di Marco Lo Presti,4 Maria Vitale4 1Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Te...

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Autores principales:	Marami LM, Gebremedhin EZ, Sarba EJ, Tola GK, Endalew SS, Melkamsew AT, Di Marco Lo Presti V, Vitale M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	canine brucella ethiopia leptospira risk factor seroprevalence Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2447b9a878524292ba0d837689a37d85
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2447b9a878524292ba0d837689a37d852021-12-02T16:22:26ZSeroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia2230-2034https://doaj.org/article/2447b9a878524292ba0d837689a37d852021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/seroprevalence-and-associated-risk-factors-of-canine-leptospira-and-br-peer-reviewed-article-VMRRhttps://doaj.org/toc/2230-2034Lencho Megersa Marami,1 Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin,2 Edilu Jorga Sarba,2 Getachew Kebebew Tola,2 Solomon Shiferaw Endalew,1 Asamenew Tesfaye Melkamsew,3 Vincenzo Di Marco Lo Presti,4 Maria Vitale4 1Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 3National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center, Department of Immunology, Sebeta, Oromia, Ethiopia; 4Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Palermo, ItalyCorrespondence: Endrias Zewdu GebremedhinAmbo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, P.O. BOX 19, Ambo, Oromia, EthiopiaTel +251911894802Email endrias.zewdu@ambou.edu.etPurpose: Canine leptospirosis and brucellosis are significant zoonotic gram-negative bacterial diseases that affect humans and animal species. This study was aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and assess associated risk factors of canine Leptospira and Brucella species infections in Ambo, Bako, and Gojo Towns, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.Methods: A total of 385 serum samples were collected from randomly selected dogs. Antibodies against Brucella and Leptospira species infection were tested using the Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assay technique (ELISA). A structured questionnaire survey was administered to each dog-owning household to gather information on potential risk factors. The association between independent and outcome variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test followed by univariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: The overall seroprevalence of Brucella and Leptospira species infections were found to be 15.06% (95% confidence interval (ci): 11.64– 19.04%) and 4.16% (95% ci: 2.39– 6.67%), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the town was the significant risk factor of Brucella species infection seropositivity. Accordingly, dogs found in Gojo ((odds ratio (OR)): 17.72 CI: 1.17– 117.54, p=0.036) and Bako (OR: 7.99, 95% CI: 0.96– 66.37), p=0.054 towns were more at risk to be infected with Brucella species than dogs living in Ambo.Conclusion: The seroprevalence of Leptospira and Brucella species infections in dogs of the West Shewa Zone was high and moderate, respectively, suggesting the possible transmission of the disease between dogs and other animals. These infections might be an under-recognized threat to public health and animal welfare. Further research on the identification of the serovars of Leptospira and biotypes of Brucella circulating in dogs is encouraged. Finally, knowledge of the comprehensive epidemiology of these diseases is an invaluable input for veterinarians, healthcare professionals, and policy-makers to avoid or manage canine leptospirosis and brucellosis.Keywords: canine, Brucella, Ethiopia, Leptospira, risk factor, seroprevalenceMarami LMGebremedhin EZSarba EJTola GKEndalew SSMelkamsew ATDi Marco Lo Presti VVitale MDove Medical Pressarticlecaninebrucellaethiopialeptospirarisk factorseroprevalenceVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary Medicine: Research and Reports, Vol Volume 12, Pp 33-42 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	canine brucella ethiopia leptospira risk factor seroprevalence Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	canine brucella ethiopia leptospira risk factor seroprevalence Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Marami LM Gebremedhin EZ Sarba EJ Tola GK Endalew SS Melkamsew AT Di Marco Lo Presti V Vitale M Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
description	Lencho Megersa Marami,1 Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin,2 Edilu Jorga Sarba,2 Getachew Kebebew Tola,2 Solomon Shiferaw Endalew,1 Asamenew Tesfaye Melkamsew,3 Vincenzo Di Marco Lo Presti,4 Maria Vitale4 1Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 3National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center, Department of Immunology, Sebeta, Oromia, Ethiopia; 4Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Palermo, ItalyCorrespondence: Endrias Zewdu GebremedhinAmbo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, P.O. BOX 19, Ambo, Oromia, EthiopiaTel +251911894802Email endrias.zewdu@ambou.edu.etPurpose: Canine leptospirosis and brucellosis are significant zoonotic gram-negative bacterial diseases that affect humans and animal species. This study was aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and assess associated risk factors of canine Leptospira and Brucella species infections in Ambo, Bako, and Gojo Towns, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.Methods: A total of 385 serum samples were collected from randomly selected dogs. Antibodies against Brucella and Leptospira species infection were tested using the Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assay technique (ELISA). A structured questionnaire survey was administered to each dog-owning household to gather information on potential risk factors. The association between independent and outcome variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test followed by univariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: The overall seroprevalence of Brucella and Leptospira species infections were found to be 15.06% (95% confidence interval (ci): 11.64– 19.04%) and 4.16% (95% ci: 2.39– 6.67%), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the town was the significant risk factor of Brucella species infection seropositivity. Accordingly, dogs found in Gojo ((odds ratio (OR)): 17.72 CI: 1.17– 117.54, p=0.036) and Bako (OR: 7.99, 95% CI: 0.96– 66.37), p=0.054 towns were more at risk to be infected with Brucella species than dogs living in Ambo.Conclusion: The seroprevalence of Leptospira and Brucella species infections in dogs of the West Shewa Zone was high and moderate, respectively, suggesting the possible transmission of the disease between dogs and other animals. These infections might be an under-recognized threat to public health and animal welfare. Further research on the identification of the serovars of Leptospira and biotypes of Brucella circulating in dogs is encouraged. Finally, knowledge of the comprehensive epidemiology of these diseases is an invaluable input for veterinarians, healthcare professionals, and policy-makers to avoid or manage canine leptospirosis and brucellosis.Keywords: canine, Brucella, Ethiopia, Leptospira, risk factor, seroprevalence
format	article
author	Marami LM Gebremedhin EZ Sarba EJ Tola GK Endalew SS Melkamsew AT Di Marco Lo Presti V Vitale M
author_facet	Marami LM Gebremedhin EZ Sarba EJ Tola GK Endalew SS Melkamsew AT Di Marco Lo Presti V Vitale M
author_sort	Marami LM
title	Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
title_short	Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
title_full	Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
title_fullStr	Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed	Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
title_sort	seroprevalence and associated risk factors of canine leptospira and brucella species infection in west shewa zone, central ethiopia
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2447b9a878524292ba0d837689a37d85
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Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia

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