Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point

Neural tissue is one of the main oxygen consumers in the mammalian body, and a plentitude of metabolic as well as signaling processes within the brain is accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. Besides the important signaling roles, both ROS and RNS can dam...

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Autores principales:	Volodymyr I. Lushchak, Michael Duszenko, Dmytro V. Gospodaryov, Olga Garaschuk
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	reactive oxygen species (ROS) reactive nitrogen species (ROS) midlife aging inflammation redox metabolism Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/248898239a194cba905d82966d0bf130
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:248898239a194cba905d82966d0bf1302021-11-25T16:27:02ZOxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point10.3390/antiox101117152076-3921https://doaj.org/article/248898239a194cba905d82966d0bf1302021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1715https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921Neural tissue is one of the main oxygen consumers in the mammalian body, and a plentitude of metabolic as well as signaling processes within the brain is accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. Besides the important signaling roles, both ROS and RNS can damage/modify the self-derived cellular components thus promoting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. While previously, the latter processes were thought to progress linearly with age, newer data point to midlife as a critical turning point. Here, we describe (i) the main pathways leading to ROS/RNS generation within the brain, (ii) the main defense systems for their neutralization and (iii) summarize the recent literature about considerable changes in the energy/ROS homeostasis as well as activation state of the brain’s immune system at midlife. Finally, we discuss the role of calorie restriction as a readily available and cost-efficient antiaging and antioxidant lifestyle intervention.Volodymyr I. LushchakMichael DuszenkoDmytro V. GospodaryovOlga GaraschukMDPI AGarticlereactive oxygen species (ROS)reactive nitrogen species (ROS)midlifeaginginflammationredox metabolismTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 1715, p 1715 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	reactive oxygen species (ROS) reactive nitrogen species (ROS) midlife aging inflammation redox metabolism Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	reactive oxygen species (ROS) reactive nitrogen species (ROS) midlife aging inflammation redox metabolism Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Volodymyr I. Lushchak Michael Duszenko Dmytro V. Gospodaryov Olga Garaschuk Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point
description	Neural tissue is one of the main oxygen consumers in the mammalian body, and a plentitude of metabolic as well as signaling processes within the brain is accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. Besides the important signaling roles, both ROS and RNS can damage/modify the self-derived cellular components thus promoting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. While previously, the latter processes were thought to progress linearly with age, newer data point to midlife as a critical turning point. Here, we describe (i) the main pathways leading to ROS/RNS generation within the brain, (ii) the main defense systems for their neutralization and (iii) summarize the recent literature about considerable changes in the energy/ROS homeostasis as well as activation state of the brain’s immune system at midlife. Finally, we discuss the role of calorie restriction as a readily available and cost-efficient antiaging and antioxidant lifestyle intervention.
format	article
author	Volodymyr I. Lushchak Michael Duszenko Dmytro V. Gospodaryov Olga Garaschuk
author_facet	Volodymyr I. Lushchak Michael Duszenko Dmytro V. Gospodaryov Olga Garaschuk
author_sort	Volodymyr I. Lushchak
title	Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point
title_short	Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point
title_full	Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point
title_fullStr	Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point
title_full_unstemmed	Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point
title_sort	oxidative stress and energy metabolism in the brain: midlife as a turning point
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/248898239a194cba905d82966d0bf130
work_keys_str_mv	AT volodymyrilushchak oxidativestressandenergymetabolisminthebrainmidlifeasaturningpoint AT michaelduszenko oxidativestressandenergymetabolisminthebrainmidlifeasaturningpoint AT dmytrovgospodaryov oxidativestressandenergymetabolisminthebrainmidlifeasaturningpoint AT olgagaraschuk oxidativestressandenergymetabolisminthebrainmidlifeasaturningpoint
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Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism in the Brain: Midlife as a Turning Point

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