Education 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda

Education 4.0 (EDUC4) was driven by the onset of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) to meet labor market requirements resulting from learning that is customized, flexible, accessible, and skills-based. As the concept of EDUC4 develops popularity in the education and innovation research domains,...

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Autores principales:	Emily Costan, Gamaliel Gonzales, Roselyn Gonzales, Lynne Enriquez, Felix Costan, Decem Suladay, Nadine May Atibing, Joerabell Lourdes Aro, Samantha Shane Evangelista, Fatima Maturan, Egberto Selerio, Lanndon Ocampo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Education 4.0 higher education institutions PRISMA systematic literature review barriers developing economies Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/248926f129f54bae996788383f2e2b66
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:248926f129f54bae996788383f2e2b662021-11-25T19:04:09ZEducation 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda10.3390/su1322127632071-1050https://doaj.org/article/248926f129f54bae996788383f2e2b662021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12763https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Education 4.0 (EDUC4) was driven by the onset of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) to meet labor market requirements resulting from learning that is customized, flexible, accessible, and skills-based. As the concept of EDUC4 develops popularity in the education and innovation research domains, various challenges about its implementation have emerged, especially in developing economies. Thus, there is a need to investigate the existing barriers to EDUC4 implementation. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, a systematic literature review of journal articles in the Scopus database was conducted. Of the 299 journal articles generated from the initial search on Scopus, 30 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The content analysis yielded 12 barriers which include cybersecurity threat, costly, skills gap of human capital, apprehensive stakeholders, lack of training resources, lack of collaboration, knowledge gap for the customization of curriculum design, insufficient available technologies, health issues, time constraint for material preparation, complexity of learning platforms, and insufficient foundation of basic education. They were then associated with seven themes for better operationalization in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs): (1) human resources, (2) infrastructure, (3) financial, (4) linkages, (5) educational management, (6) learners, and (7) health and environment. Finally, a theoretical predictive model was constructed to present the causal relationships in modeling the problems associated with implementing EDUC4. The insights generated from this work offer both theoretical and practical perspectives for stakeholders of HEIs in the implementation of EDUC4 in developing economies.Emily CostanGamaliel GonzalesRoselyn GonzalesLynne EnriquezFelix CostanDecem SuladayNadine May AtibingJoerabell Lourdes AroSamantha Shane EvangelistaFatima MaturanEgberto SelerioLanndon OcampoMDPI AGarticleEducation 4.0higher education institutionsPRISMAsystematic literature reviewbarriersdeveloping economiesEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12763, p 12763 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Education 4.0 higher education institutions PRISMA systematic literature review barriers developing economies Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	Education 4.0 higher education institutions PRISMA systematic literature review barriers developing economies Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Emily Costan Gamaliel Gonzales Roselyn Gonzales Lynne Enriquez Felix Costan Decem Suladay Nadine May Atibing Joerabell Lourdes Aro Samantha Shane Evangelista Fatima Maturan Egberto Selerio Lanndon Ocampo Education 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda
description	Education 4.0 (EDUC4) was driven by the onset of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) to meet labor market requirements resulting from learning that is customized, flexible, accessible, and skills-based. As the concept of EDUC4 develops popularity in the education and innovation research domains, various challenges about its implementation have emerged, especially in developing economies. Thus, there is a need to investigate the existing barriers to EDUC4 implementation. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, a systematic literature review of journal articles in the Scopus database was conducted. Of the 299 journal articles generated from the initial search on Scopus, 30 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The content analysis yielded 12 barriers which include cybersecurity threat, costly, skills gap of human capital, apprehensive stakeholders, lack of training resources, lack of collaboration, knowledge gap for the customization of curriculum design, insufficient available technologies, health issues, time constraint for material preparation, complexity of learning platforms, and insufficient foundation of basic education. They were then associated with seven themes for better operationalization in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs): (1) human resources, (2) infrastructure, (3) financial, (4) linkages, (5) educational management, (6) learners, and (7) health and environment. Finally, a theoretical predictive model was constructed to present the causal relationships in modeling the problems associated with implementing EDUC4. The insights generated from this work offer both theoretical and practical perspectives for stakeholders of HEIs in the implementation of EDUC4 in developing economies.
format	article
author	Emily Costan Gamaliel Gonzales Roselyn Gonzales Lynne Enriquez Felix Costan Decem Suladay Nadine May Atibing Joerabell Lourdes Aro Samantha Shane Evangelista Fatima Maturan Egberto Selerio Lanndon Ocampo
author_facet	Emily Costan Gamaliel Gonzales Roselyn Gonzales Lynne Enriquez Felix Costan Decem Suladay Nadine May Atibing Joerabell Lourdes Aro Samantha Shane Evangelista Fatima Maturan Egberto Selerio Lanndon Ocampo
author_sort	Emily Costan
title	Education 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda
title_short	Education 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda
title_full	Education 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda
title_fullStr	Education 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda
title_full_unstemmed	Education 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda
title_sort	education 4.0 in developing economies: a systematic literature review of implementation barriers and future research agenda
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/248926f129f54bae996788383f2e2b66
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Education 4.0 in Developing Economies: A Systematic Literature Review of Implementation Barriers and Future Research Agenda

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