METABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY

Metabolic bone disease (MBD) in the newborn − osteopenia, is a disease that occurs mainly as a result of inadequate bone mineralisation, and its development is also inﬂuenced by genetic, mechanical and environmental factors. After birth, the transfer of minerals from the mother through the placenta...

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Autores principales:	Nina Majoranc, Aneta Soltirovska Šalamon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	SL
Publicado:	The Society for Children with Metabolic Disorders 2021
Materias:	metabolic bone disease osteopenia preterm newborn Medicine R Pediatrics RJ1-570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/24adcf5c9a50467ca0f44bc2d921cd43
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:24adcf5c9a50467ca0f44bc2d921cd432021-11-08T17:58:04ZMETABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY1318-44232712-396010.38031/slovpediatr-2021-3-04enhttps://doaj.org/article/24adcf5c9a50467ca0f44bc2d921cd432021-10-01T00:00:00Z http://www.slovenskapediatrija.si/Portals/0/Clanki/2021/Slovpediatr-2021-3-04en.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1318-4423https://doaj.org/toc/2712-3960Metabolic bone disease (MBD) in the newborn − osteopenia, is a disease that occurs mainly as a result of inadequate bone mineralisation, and its development is also inﬂuenced by genetic, mechanical and environmental factors. After birth, the transfer of minerals from the mother through the placenta ceases, so the newborn is completely dependent on enteral or parenteral intake to meet his/her needs. On the other hand, the physiological adaptation of bone to extrauterine life leads to an increase in bone resorption − physiological osteopenia. Catch-up mineralisation in premature infants is achieved by the end of the ﬁrst year of life, although the question of the long-term consequences for achieving maximum bone mass in this group of children remains open. The best approach to reducing the incidence of MBD is prevention based on screening newborns at risk for MBD. Early optimal parenteral and enteral nutrition, adequate supply of vitamin D, and removal of risk factors are key to preventing the development of neonatal osteopenia. Biochemical screening tests: serum phosphorus levels, alkaline phosphatase in combination with the values of excreted minerals in the urine are useful indicators of bone metabolism. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and quantitative ultrasound are complementary methods for measuring bone mineral density in newborns. This article discusses the clinical features and pathophysiology of MBD, the diagnostic process and practical treatment recommendations.Nina MajorancAneta Soltirovska ŠalamonThe Society for Children with Metabolic Disordersarticlemetabolic bone diseaseosteopeniapreterm newbornMedicineRPediatricsRJ1-570SLSlovenska pediatrija, Vol 28, Iss 3, Pp 147-153 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	SL
topic	metabolic bone disease osteopenia preterm newborn Medicine R Pediatrics RJ1-570
spellingShingle	metabolic bone disease osteopenia preterm newborn Medicine R Pediatrics RJ1-570 Nina Majoranc Aneta Soltirovska Šalamon METABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY
description	Metabolic bone disease (MBD) in the newborn − osteopenia, is a disease that occurs mainly as a result of inadequate bone mineralisation, and its development is also inﬂuenced by genetic, mechanical and environmental factors. After birth, the transfer of minerals from the mother through the placenta ceases, so the newborn is completely dependent on enteral or parenteral intake to meet his/her needs. On the other hand, the physiological adaptation of bone to extrauterine life leads to an increase in bone resorption − physiological osteopenia. Catch-up mineralisation in premature infants is achieved by the end of the ﬁrst year of life, although the question of the long-term consequences for achieving maximum bone mass in this group of children remains open. The best approach to reducing the incidence of MBD is prevention based on screening newborns at risk for MBD. Early optimal parenteral and enteral nutrition, adequate supply of vitamin D, and removal of risk factors are key to preventing the development of neonatal osteopenia. Biochemical screening tests: serum phosphorus levels, alkaline phosphatase in combination with the values of excreted minerals in the urine are useful indicators of bone metabolism. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and quantitative ultrasound are complementary methods for measuring bone mineral density in newborns. This article discusses the clinical features and pathophysiology of MBD, the diagnostic process and practical treatment recommendations.
format	article
author	Nina Majoranc Aneta Soltirovska Šalamon
author_facet	Nina Majoranc Aneta Soltirovska Šalamon
author_sort	Nina Majoranc
title	METABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY
title_short	METABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY
title_full	METABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY
title_fullStr	METABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY
title_full_unstemmed	METABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY
title_sort	metabolic bone disease of prematurity
publisher	The Society for Children with Metabolic Disorders
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/24adcf5c9a50467ca0f44bc2d921cd43
work_keys_str_mv	AT ninamajoranc metabolicbonediseaseofprematurity AT anetasoltirovskasalamon metabolicbonediseaseofprematurity
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METABOLIC BONE DISEASE OF PREMATURITY

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