Early Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.

Examining the geological past of our planet allows us to study periods of severe climatic and biological crises and recoveries, biotic and abiotic ecosystem fluctuations, and faunal and floral turnovers through time. Furthermore, the recovery dynamics of large predators provide a key for evaluation...

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Autores principales:	Torsten M Scheyer, Carlo Romano, Jim Jenks, Hugo Bucher
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/24c0f85d64714c629781af8a5e15821a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:24c0f85d64714c629781af8a5e15821a2021-11-18T08:27:21ZEarly Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0088987https://doaj.org/article/24c0f85d64714c629781af8a5e15821a2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24647136/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Examining the geological past of our planet allows us to study periods of severe climatic and biological crises and recoveries, biotic and abiotic ecosystem fluctuations, and faunal and floral turnovers through time. Furthermore, the recovery dynamics of large predators provide a key for evaluation of the pattern and tempo of ecosystem recovery because predators are interpreted to react most sensitively to environmental turbulences. The end-Permian mass extinction was the most severe crisis experienced by life on Earth, and the common paradigm persists that the biotic recovery from the extinction event was unusually slow and occurred in a step-wise manner, lasting up to eight to nine million years well into the early Middle Triassic (Anisian) in the oceans, and even longer in the terrestrial realm. Here we survey the global distribution and size spectra of Early Triassic and Anisian marine predatory vertebrates (fishes, amphibians and reptiles) to elucidate the height of trophic pyramids in the aftermath of the end-Permian event. The survey of body size was done by compiling maximum standard lengths for the bony fishes and some cartilaginous fishes, and total size (estimates) for the tetrapods. The distribution and size spectra of the latter are difficult to assess because of preservation artifacts and are thus mostly discussed qualitatively. The data nevertheless demonstrate that no significant size increase of predators is observable from the Early Triassic to the Anisian, as would be expected from the prolonged and stepwise trophic recovery model. The data further indicate that marine ecosystems characterized by multiple trophic levels existed from the earliest Early Triassic onwards. However, a major change in the taxonomic composition of predatory guilds occurred less than two million years after the end-Permian extinction event, in which a transition from fish/amphibian to fish/reptile-dominated higher trophic levels within ecosystems became apparent.Torsten M ScheyerCarlo RomanoJim JenksHugo BucherPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e88987 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Torsten M Scheyer Carlo Romano Jim Jenks Hugo Bucher Early Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.
description	Examining the geological past of our planet allows us to study periods of severe climatic and biological crises and recoveries, biotic and abiotic ecosystem fluctuations, and faunal and floral turnovers through time. Furthermore, the recovery dynamics of large predators provide a key for evaluation of the pattern and tempo of ecosystem recovery because predators are interpreted to react most sensitively to environmental turbulences. The end-Permian mass extinction was the most severe crisis experienced by life on Earth, and the common paradigm persists that the biotic recovery from the extinction event was unusually slow and occurred in a step-wise manner, lasting up to eight to nine million years well into the early Middle Triassic (Anisian) in the oceans, and even longer in the terrestrial realm. Here we survey the global distribution and size spectra of Early Triassic and Anisian marine predatory vertebrates (fishes, amphibians and reptiles) to elucidate the height of trophic pyramids in the aftermath of the end-Permian event. The survey of body size was done by compiling maximum standard lengths for the bony fishes and some cartilaginous fishes, and total size (estimates) for the tetrapods. The distribution and size spectra of the latter are difficult to assess because of preservation artifacts and are thus mostly discussed qualitatively. The data nevertheless demonstrate that no significant size increase of predators is observable from the Early Triassic to the Anisian, as would be expected from the prolonged and stepwise trophic recovery model. The data further indicate that marine ecosystems characterized by multiple trophic levels existed from the earliest Early Triassic onwards. However, a major change in the taxonomic composition of predatory guilds occurred less than two million years after the end-Permian extinction event, in which a transition from fish/amphibian to fish/reptile-dominated higher trophic levels within ecosystems became apparent.
format	article
author	Torsten M Scheyer Carlo Romano Jim Jenks Hugo Bucher
author_facet	Torsten M Scheyer Carlo Romano Jim Jenks Hugo Bucher
author_sort	Torsten M Scheyer
title	Early Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.
title_short	Early Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.
title_full	Early Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.
title_fullStr	Early Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.
title_full_unstemmed	Early Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.
title_sort	early triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/24c0f85d64714c629781af8a5e15821a
work_keys_str_mv	AT torstenmscheyer earlytriassicmarinebioticrecoverythepredatorsperspective AT carloromano earlytriassicmarinebioticrecoverythepredatorsperspective AT jimjenks earlytriassicmarinebioticrecoverythepredatorsperspective AT hugobucher earlytriassicmarinebioticrecoverythepredatorsperspective
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Early Triassic marine biotic recovery: the predators' perspective.

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