Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity

Georgios Labiris,1 Eirini-Kanella Panagiotopoulou,1 Sergios Taliantzis,1 Asli Perente,1 Konstantinos Delibasis,2 Lambros T Doulos3 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, Greece; 2Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics...

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Autores principales:	Labiris G, Panagiotopoulou EK, Taliantzis S, Perente A, Delibasis K, Doulos LT
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	multifocal intraocular lens illuminance light transmission luminous efficiency function lighting standards Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/24f4f5853fd24d39ba790b9090245639
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:24f4f5853fd24d39ba790b90902456392021-11-28T19:13:10ZLighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/24f4f5853fd24d39ba790b90902456392021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/lighting-standards-revisited-introduction-of-a-mathematical-model-for--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Georgios Labiris,1 Eirini-Kanella Panagiotopoulou,1 Sergios Taliantzis,1 Asli Perente,1 Konstantinos Delibasis,2 Lambros T Doulos3 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, Greece; 2Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, 35131, Greece; 3School of Applied Arts, Lighting Design, Hellenic Open University, Patras, 26335, GreeceCorrespondence: Georgios LabirisDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, GreeceTel +30 697 745 5027Fax +30 255 103 0405Email labiris@usa.netPurpose: Primary objective of present study is to introduce a contemporary methodology for the lighting standards update addressing both normophakic and pseudophakic patients.Methods: For the sake of our study, we theoretically estimated the intraocular-to-crystalline lens iIluminance ratio (ICIR) and the intraocular lens (IOL) luminous efficiency function VIOL(λ) as a new lighting benefit metric. Then, in a sample of 24 pseudophakic patients (38 eyes) implanted with the trifocal diffractive IOL Panoptix (SG) and in a control group (CG) of 28 normophakic participants (50 eyes), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was measured at illuminance of 550lx (optimal UDVA). Following dark adaptation, illuminance was gradually raised from 20 lx until illuminance level that the patient reached his/her optimal UDVA. This measured illuminance at this point was defined as the minimum required illuminance level (MRIL). MRIL and UDVA for illuminance levels between 20 and 550lx in SG were compared with the corresponding values in CG. MRIL calculation allowed the construction of a predictive mathematical model that estimates the impact of environmental lighting on UDVA.Results: ICIR for Panoptix eyes ranged from 54.00% to 55.99%. Both groups had significantly higher UDVA at 550lx compared to 20lx (p < 0.05). CG had significantly higher UDVA than SG at 20lx (7.20 letters, p = 0.045), while no significant difference was detected at 550lx (0.40 letters, p = 0.883). SG required significantly more illuminance than CG to maintain their UDVA (MRILSG= 191.05lx, MRILCG= 122lx, p = 0.007). Our predictive model suggests suboptimal UDVA in a series of lighting directives for normophakic and Panoptix eyes.Conclusion: This is the first study to introduce the VIOL(λ) as a new lighting benefit metric and a mathematical model that quantifies the impact of illuminance on UDVA in normophakic and pseudophakic patients.Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04263636.Keywords: multifocal intraocular lens, illuminance, light transmission, luminous efficiency function, lighting standardsLabiris GPanagiotopoulou EKTaliantzis SPerente ADelibasis KDoulos LTDove Medical Pressarticlemultifocal intraocular lensilluminancelight transmissionluminous efficiency functionlighting standardsOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 15, Pp 4553-4564 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	multifocal intraocular lens illuminance light transmission luminous efficiency function lighting standards Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	multifocal intraocular lens illuminance light transmission luminous efficiency function lighting standards Ophthalmology RE1-994 Labiris G Panagiotopoulou EK Taliantzis S Perente A Delibasis K Doulos LT Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity
description	Georgios Labiris,1 Eirini-Kanella Panagiotopoulou,1 Sergios Taliantzis,1 Asli Perente,1 Konstantinos Delibasis,2 Lambros T Doulos3 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, Greece; 2Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, 35131, Greece; 3School of Applied Arts, Lighting Design, Hellenic Open University, Patras, 26335, GreeceCorrespondence: Georgios LabirisDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, GreeceTel +30 697 745 5027Fax +30 255 103 0405Email labiris@usa.netPurpose: Primary objective of present study is to introduce a contemporary methodology for the lighting standards update addressing both normophakic and pseudophakic patients.Methods: For the sake of our study, we theoretically estimated the intraocular-to-crystalline lens iIluminance ratio (ICIR) and the intraocular lens (IOL) luminous efficiency function VIOL(λ) as a new lighting benefit metric. Then, in a sample of 24 pseudophakic patients (38 eyes) implanted with the trifocal diffractive IOL Panoptix (SG) and in a control group (CG) of 28 normophakic participants (50 eyes), uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was measured at illuminance of 550lx (optimal UDVA). Following dark adaptation, illuminance was gradually raised from 20 lx until illuminance level that the patient reached his/her optimal UDVA. This measured illuminance at this point was defined as the minimum required illuminance level (MRIL). MRIL and UDVA for illuminance levels between 20 and 550lx in SG were compared with the corresponding values in CG. MRIL calculation allowed the construction of a predictive mathematical model that estimates the impact of environmental lighting on UDVA.Results: ICIR for Panoptix eyes ranged from 54.00% to 55.99%. Both groups had significantly higher UDVA at 550lx compared to 20lx (p < 0.05). CG had significantly higher UDVA than SG at 20lx (7.20 letters, p = 0.045), while no significant difference was detected at 550lx (0.40 letters, p = 0.883). SG required significantly more illuminance than CG to maintain their UDVA (MRILSG= 191.05lx, MRILCG= 122lx, p = 0.007). Our predictive model suggests suboptimal UDVA in a series of lighting directives for normophakic and Panoptix eyes.Conclusion: This is the first study to introduce the VIOL(λ) as a new lighting benefit metric and a mathematical model that quantifies the impact of illuminance on UDVA in normophakic and pseudophakic patients.Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04263636.Keywords: multifocal intraocular lens, illuminance, light transmission, luminous efficiency function, lighting standards
format	article
author	Labiris G Panagiotopoulou EK Taliantzis S Perente A Delibasis K Doulos LT
author_facet	Labiris G Panagiotopoulou EK Taliantzis S Perente A Delibasis K Doulos LT
author_sort	Labiris G
title	Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity
title_short	Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity
title_full	Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity
title_fullStr	Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity
title_full_unstemmed	Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity
title_sort	lighting standards revisited: introduction of a mathematical model for the assessment of the impact of illuminance on visual acuity
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/24f4f5853fd24d39ba790b9090245639
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Lighting Standards Revisited: Introduction of a Mathematical Model for the Assessment of the Impact of Illuminance on Visual Acuity

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